Letter (ALS) to Nahum Capen, restating the argument of Caldwell's book, Phrenology Vindicated, and Anti-Phrenology Unmasked, and a letter (ALS) to Reverend Samuel Gilman, relating to personal matters.
ALS to a Rev. H.H. Piper, responding to Piper's challenges to the scientific status of phrenology; ANS confirming news of Spurzheim's death; ANS to his dentist.
Collection comprises a phrenological profile (9 leaves, bound with a clip) John Capen prepared for Lydia Mather, touching on her constitution, temperament, character and her social preferences. He notes that she is in "danger of overworking" and has a strong domestic tendency; is cautious and sensitive, but not demonstrative; and has a good intellect, which is balanced by prudence and practicality that would make her an excellent businesswoman, if her life demanded it. He adds that she is conservative but not a bigot, has an excellent ear for music, and avoids attracting attention at all costs. The back of the cover holds an advertisement for Capen's business.
