Women's Army Corps and WAC African American Band scrapbook from Fort Des Moines, 1941-1945
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Summary
- Abstract:
- Collection consists of a 44-page scrapbook belonging to an unidentified compiler, that documents the history of Fort Des Moines as a Women's Army Corps training center, and more specifically the 404th Women's Army Corps (WAC) band, the first African American female band in the United States military. In addition to the approximately 100 photographs, there are photographic postcards, and clippings from official Fort Des Moines publications. The scrapbook begins with a photograph of the front page of the Honolulu Star-Bulletin from 8 December 1941, followed by a short history of Fort Des Moines, with clippings and photo postcards documenting its conversion to the first Women's Army Auxiliary Corps training center. The second half of the scrapbook documents the African American women's band, with photographs showing the women in and out of uniform; many of the photographs are signed or are otherwise identified in ink. Scenes include the practice room, women marching with instruments, and band members enjoying off-duty pastimes. There are at least two photographs of Major Charity Adams Earley, the first commissioned African American WAC. Acquired as part of the John Hope Franklin Research Center for African and African American History and Culture.
- Extent:
- 0.5 Linear Feet (1 box)
- Language:
- Materials in English
- Collection ID:
- RL.11173
Background
- Scope and content:
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Collection consists of a forty-four page scrapbook belonging to an unidentified compiler, documenting the history of Fort Des Moines, Iowa, as a Women's Army Corps (WAC) training center, and the 404th Women's Army Corps band, the first African American female band in the United States military. The scrapbook contains 100 photographs, all but one black-and-white, ranging in size from 2 x 3 inches to 7 1/2 x 8 3/4 inches. The creator also included photographic postcards as well as clippings from official Fort Des Moines publications. The covers for the scrapbook are missing.
The first page contains a photograph of the front page of the Honolulu Star-Bulletin from December 8, 1941. The following early pages provide a short history of Fort Des Moines, with clippings documenting its conversion to the first Women's Army Auxiliary Corps training center. The clippings are augmented by photo postcards depicting the grounds, along with one showing a woman blowing a bugle into a oversize megaphone.
Documentation of the African American women's band begins on page 21, with a group portrait. Other photographs show the women in uniform; many of the photographs are signed or are otherwise identified in ink. Images include the practice room, women marching with instruments, and off-duty band members relaxing, riding bicycles, traveling together, preparing for sleep, or playing with pets. There are at least two photographs of Major Charity Adams Earley, the first commissioned African American WAC.
Acquired as part of the John Hope Franklin Research Center for African and African American History and Culture.
- Acquisition information:
- The Women's Army Corps and WAC African American Band scrapbook from Fort Des Moines was received by the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book Manuscript Library as a purchase in 2016.
- Processing information:
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Processed by Alice Poffinberger, March 2016.
Accession(s) described in this collection guide: 2016-0032.
- Rules or conventions:
- Describing Archives: A Content Standard
Subjects
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- Subjects:
- African American women -- Pictorial works
African Americans -- Pictorial works
African Americans -- Social conditions
Bands (Music) -- United States
Military music -- United States -- History
Women and war
Women and the military -- United States -- Pictorial works
World War, 1939-1945 -- Women -- African Americans
World War, 1939-1945 -- Participation, African American
World War, 1939-1945 -- Participation, Female
World War, 1939-1945 -- Women - Names:
- United States. Army. Women's Army Corps
United States. Army -- Military life
United States. Army -- Women
United States. Army -- Songs and music -- History
John Hope Franklin Research Center for African and African American History and Culture
United States. Army -- African American troops
United States. Army -- African American troops -- History -- 20th century - Places:
- Fort Des Moines (Iowa) -- History
Contents
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- Restrictions:
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Collection is open for research.
- Terms of access:
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The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to Duke University. For more information, consult the copyright section of the Regulations and Procedures of the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library.
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- Preferred citation:
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[Identification of item], Women's Army Corps and WAC African American Band scrapbook from Fort Des Moines, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Duke University.