Merchant and manufacturer of Falmouth, Virginia. Correspondence, ledgers, daybooks, account books, and other business records (chiefly 1822-1875) of Green and his various associates, illustrating activities such as retailing, grain milling and merchandising, and cotton cloth manufacturing. The bulk of the collection is in the form of bound manuscript volumes. Firms represented include the Bellmont and Eagle flour mills, the Falmouth Manufacturing Company, and the Elm Cotton Factory. The papers also reflect the emergence of Fredericksburg, Va., as a business center, and the decline of Falmouth.
Collection includes correspondence, ledgers, daybooks, account books, and other business records. There are many dozens of bound manuscript volumes, chiefly business records, housed separately.
Merchant and manufacturer of Falmouth, Virginia. Correspondence, ledgers, daybooks, account books, and other business records (chiefly 1822-1875) of Green and his various associates, illustrating activities such as retailing, grain milling and merchandising, and cotton cloth manufacturing. The bulk of the collection is in the form of bound manuscript volumes. Firms represented include the Bellmont and Eagle flour mills, the Falmouth Manufacturing Company, and the Elm Cotton Factory. The papers also reflect the emergence of Fredericksburg, Va., as a business center, and the decline of Falmouth.
Collection comprises a certificate written by Fairfax stating that he examined Alsy (Alice), who was a slave being hired out to Charles Mothershead in Westmoreland Co., Va. He found that she had procidentia uteri (her entire uterus was outside the vagina), which caused her to be unable to work. He added, "She may be made useful by the application of an instrument properly adjusted, to keep the part from coming down."
Collection comprises a certificate written by Fairfax stating that he examined Alsy (Alice), who was a slave being hired out to Charles Mothershead in Westmoreland Co., Va. He found that she had procidentia uteri (her entire uterus was outside the vagina), which caused her to be unable to work. He added, "She may be made useful by the application of an instrument properly adjusted, to keep the part from coming down."
Missionary to India and author of religious works. Cousin to Virginia Woolf; daughter of James Fitzjames Stephen, who was brother to Leslie Stephen, Virginia Woolf's father. Handwritten diary, 151 full pages, by 16-year-old Dorothea Jane Stephen. Entries document the author's anticipation of Jubilee Day (July 21, 1887, the 50th anniversary of Queen Victoria's reign), as well as her activities on the day itself (written in red rather than black ink), and the parties and church services following it. Other topics include her daily life in London and two family trips in England. In particular, Stephen chronicled (through both words and ink drawings) her family, including her mother and two sisters; school classes and examinations; visiting rounds; current fashion, horses, and carriages rides; leisure activities and sports, especially collecting bugs, reading, dancing, and playing lawn tennis; and visiting the coast at Barnstaple, England. She also described sites in London, including Buckingham Palace, St. Jame's Park, Piccadilly, and Kensington Heights.
Missionary to India and author of religious works. Cousin to Virginia Woolf; daughter of James Fitzjames Stephen, who was brother to Leslie Stephen, Virginia Woolf's father. Handwritten diary, 151 full pages, by 16-year-old Dorothea Jane Stephen. Entries document the author's anticipation of Jubilee Day (July 21, 1887, the 50th anniversary of Queen Victoria's reign), as well as her activities on the day itself (written in red rather than black ink), and the parties and church services following it. Other topics include her daily life in London and two family trips in England. In particular, Stephen chronicled (through both words and ink drawings) her family, including her mother and two sisters; school classes and examinations; visiting rounds; current fashion, horses, and carriages rides; leisure activities and sports, especially collecting bugs, reading, dancing, and playing lawn tennis; and visiting the coast at Barnstaple, England. She also described sites in London, including Buckingham Palace, St. Jame's Park, Piccadilly, and Kensington Heights.
Letter (ALS) acknowledges the receipt of a letter and check. Expresses gratification that he has been able to provide not only professional services, but also those of a friend.
Letter (ALS) acknowledges the receipt of a letter and check. Expresses gratification that he has been able to provide not only professional services, but also those of a friend.
Diploma of membership in the society, "Regia matritensis Academia". Bears seal of society and signatures of Ignatius Maria Ruiz, Joseph Mozinnus, Joseph Anthony a Capdeosta, Banares, and Salvadore X. Coronado.
Diploma of membership in the society, "Regia matritensis Academia". Bears seal of society and signatures of Ignatius Maria Ruiz, Joseph Mozinnus, Joseph Anthony a Capdeosta, Banares, and Salvadore X. Coronado.
ALS. Writes to "my dear Holbrook" of his intention to start a school of physical education and to write a book and to Mr. Woolson, inviting both Woolson and his wife to join him that summer.
ALS. Writes to "my dear Holbrook" of his intention to start a school of physical education and to write a book and to Mr. Woolson, inviting both Woolson and his wife to join him that summer.
Business, family, and legal correspondence, accounts, bills, invoices, indentures, land surveys, and other papers. Correspondents whose names appear most often are Pettit and Leake, a legal firm of Goochland Court House, Va., Altantic and Virginia Fertilizing Co. of Richmond, Va., and Appleberry's nephew, Thomas A. Bledsoe.
Business, family, and legal correspondence, accounts, bills, invoices, indentures, land surveys, and other papers. Correspondents whose names appear most often are Pettit and Leake, a legal firm of Goochland Court House, Va., Altantic and Virginia Fertilizing Co. of Richmond, Va., and Appleberry's nephew, Thomas A. Bledsoe.
Blanche Simmons (1857/8-1941) was the daughter of Sir John Lintorn Arabin Simmons (1821-1903), Field Marshal and Colonel Commandant of the Royal Engineers, and his second wife, Blanche Weston. The collection consists of a single diary that records the events of two distinct trips taken by Blanche Simmons and her parents in 1879 and 1880. The first half of the diary documents a family vacation to Belgium and the Netherlands from September 19th to October 13th, 1879, with stops in Brussels, Spa, Utrecht, Amsterdam, The Hague, Rotterdam, Antwerp, and Ghent. The second half of the diary documents a trip to Berlin, Germany, from June 11th to July 9th, 1880, during which Blanche's father, Sir John Simmons, and Major Ardagh attended a conference in Berlin for "the settling of the Greek frontier" accompanied by Blanche, her mother, and their escort, Captain Wood.
Blanche Simmons (1857/8-1941) was the daughter of Sir John Lintorn Arabin Simmons (1821-1903), Field Marshal and Colonel Commandant of the Royal Engineers, and his second wife, Blanche Weston. The collection consists of a single diary that records the events of two distinct trips taken by Blanche Simmons and her parents in 1879 and 1880. The first half of the diary documents a family vacation to Belgium and the Netherlands from September 19th to October 13th, 1879, with stops in Brussels, Spa, Utrecht, Amsterdam, The Hague, Rotterdam, Antwerp, and Ghent. The second half of the diary documents a trip to Berlin, Germany, from June 11th to July 9th, 1880, during which Blanche's father, Sir John Simmons, and Major Ardagh attended a conference in Berlin for "the settling of the Greek frontier" accompanied by Blanche, her mother, and their escort, Captain Wood.
American woman traveling in Europe. The diary, begun on April 6, 1878, and ending on Nov. 9, 1878 in Augsburg, covers the travels of an American woman through England, France, Germany, Sweden, Norway, and Russia. Included are descriptions of visits to museums and royal palaces. While in Norway, the author met and spent time with Gen. and Mrs. Ulysses S. Grant. Formerly known as Anonymous diary, 1878.
American woman traveling in Europe. The diary, begun on April 6, 1878, and ending on Nov. 9, 1878 in Augsburg, covers the travels of an American woman through England, France, Germany, Sweden, Norway, and Russia. Included are descriptions of visits to museums and royal palaces. While in Norway, the author met and spent time with Gen. and Mrs. Ulysses S. Grant. Formerly known as Anonymous diary, 1878.
Army engineer, Confederate officer, and architect, of Albemarle County, Virginia. Collection consists primarily of Rives' correspondence, relating to his attendance at the École nationale des ponts et chaussées, Paris; his military and civilian careers; family matters and social, political, and economic affairs in Virginia; and the Washington Peace Convention (1861). Includes a diary (1829-1831) of Rives' mother, Judith Page Walker Rives, concerning life in the diplomatic community in Paris, travels on the continent, French social life and customs, the Revolution of 1830, U.S. political developments, and other matters. Also contains three ledgers of Francis E. Rives, U.S. Representative. Correspondents include Francis E. Rives, Julia Page Rives, and Edouard Schwebelé.
Collection of programs of music, songs and speeches as well as the text of speeches, recitations, poetry and quotations from books apparently prepared for the Albert Forster School in Berlin during the Nazi period. Topics include soldiers, workers and peasants, Adolf Hitler, World War I, and the struggle for victory.
Collection of programs of music, songs and speeches as well as the text of speeches, recitations, poetry and quotations from books apparently prepared for the Albert Forster School in Berlin during the Nazi period. Topics include soldiers, workers and peasants, Adolf Hitler, World War I, and the struggle for victory.
Desmond Frances Anderson was Lt. Col. of the 1st Battalion East Yorkshire Regiment in 1927, serving in China and India until 1930. The Desmond F. Anderson diaries comprise 4 volumes (approximately 650 pages) of corrected typescript, accompanied by maps, sketches, postcards, photo postcards, and a few printed items tipped in, all detailing Anderson's service in China and India between 1927 and 1930.
Desmond Frances Anderson was Lt. Col. of the 1st Battalion East Yorkshire Regiment in 1927, serving in China and India until 1930. The Desmond F. Anderson diaries comprise 4 volumes (approximately 650 pages) of corrected typescript, accompanied by maps, sketches, postcards, photo postcards, and a few printed items tipped in, all detailing Anderson's service in China and India between 1927 and 1930.
Collection comprises 43 3.5 x 2.5 black-and-white photographs of Dese, Ethiopia, primarily featuring groups of people and local infrastructure. The photographer is unknown. Images include native tribunals and prisoners, the nobility, Coptic priests, water bearers, processions, a local calvary unit, a slave, roads, houses, fountains, wells, a Coptic school, and the local market, among others. There are handwritten captions and dates (including Roman numerals for the Fascist year) in Italian on the backs of the majority of the photographs; a one-page English translation for the captions is provided.
Collection comprises 43 3.5 x 2.5 black-and-white photographs of Dese, Ethiopia, primarily featuring groups of people and local infrastructure. The photographer is unknown. Images include native tribunals and prisoners, the nobility, Coptic priests, water bearers, processions, a local calvary unit, a slave, roads, houses, fountains, wells, a Coptic school, and the local market, among others. There are handwritten captions and dates (including Roman numerals for the Fascist year) in Italian on the backs of the majority of the photographs; a one-page English translation for the captions is provided.
150 film feet (One flat box containing one film can with one 16mm, b&w, silent film.)00:03:53 minutes
Abstract Or Scope
"Degeto Weltspiegel 22. Entscheidung auf dem Balkan III. Sprung nach Kreta" is a 16mm, black-and-white, silent film documenting the German airborne invasion of Crete in May 1941.
"Degeto Weltspiegel 22. Entscheidung auf dem Balkan III. Sprung nach Kreta" is a 16mm, black-and-white, silent film documenting the German airborne invasion of Crete in May 1941.
Collection consists primarily of personal and business correspondence (bulk 1870s-1910s) and speeches of John Henry Dawson, his family and friends in and around Lenoir County, North Carolina. Also included are wills of John Dawson, Sr. (1830s-1840s) outlining the disposition of his property including several slaves and a plantation along the Neuse River.
Collection consists primarily of personal and business correspondence (bulk 1870s-1910s) and speeches of John Henry Dawson, his family and friends in and around Lenoir County, North Carolina. Also included are wills of John Dawson, Sr. (1830s-1840s) outlining the disposition of his property including several slaves and a plantation along the Neuse River.
Holograph document, signed. Details the division of the trust estate of Ramsay by the commissioners appointed by the court of equity. Signed by commissioners, J. King, T. Smith and W. Simmons. Also signed by heirs and beneficiaries, J.W. Campbell, G.B. Reid, M.G. Ramsay, Sarah Ramsay, J.A. Ramsay, and W.G. Ramsay.
Holograph document, signed. Details the division of the trust estate of Ramsay by the commissioners appointed by the court of equity. Signed by commissioners, J. King, T. Smith and W. Simmons. Also signed by heirs and beneficiaries, J.W. Campbell, G.B. Reid, M.G. Ramsay, Sarah Ramsay, J.A. Ramsay, and W.G. Ramsay.
Document, signed, attests that he has declared all goods on entering the Port of New York; ANS names someone to enter with the duty collector any parcels addressed to him from Europe.
Document, signed, attests that he has declared all goods on entering the Port of New York; ANS names someone to enter with the duty collector any parcels addressed to him from Europe.
David B. Shatzer was a salesman in Franklin Co, Penna. Census records indicate that Shatzer may have also been a shoemaker at this time. Possibly b. 1841 in St. Thomas (Franklin Co.), Penna. Collection comprises a copy (48 pgs.) of "Pierce's Memorandum and Account Book designed for Farmers, Mechanics and all people" distributed by the World's Dispensary Medical Association. Half of the pages were printed with advertisements and testimonials for Pierce's pharmaceutical products, along with his articles on the diseases of women, men, liver, blood, and lungs. It also includes an advertisements for the Invalids' Hotel and Surgical Institute in Buffalo, N.Y. The rest of the pages contain handwritten notes made by Shatzer regarding his sales of Downing's galvanic battery, which was likely an electronic device used to treat various ailments, including headaches, rheumatism, neuralgia, and joint pain. Shatzer primarily recorded testimonies about the effectiveness of the device, but a few notes provide his sales figures. In addition, some notes suggest that Shatzer also sold pictures, copies of the Lord's Prayer and other prayers, and a product in bottles. It is clear that all of his sales were in Franklin County.
David B. Shatzer was a salesman in Franklin Co, Penna. Census records indicate that Shatzer may have also been a shoemaker at this time. Possibly b. 1841 in St. Thomas (Franklin Co.), Penna. Collection comprises a copy (48 pgs.) of "Pierce's Memorandum and Account Book designed for Farmers, Mechanics and all people" distributed by the World's Dispensary Medical Association. Half of the pages were printed with advertisements and testimonials for Pierce's pharmaceutical products, along with his articles on the diseases of women, men, liver, blood, and lungs. It also includes an advertisements for the Invalids' Hotel and Surgical Institute in Buffalo, N.Y. The rest of the pages contain handwritten notes made by Shatzer regarding his sales of Downing's galvanic battery, which was likely an electronic device used to treat various ailments, including headaches, rheumatism, neuralgia, and joint pain. Shatzer primarily recorded testimonies about the effectiveness of the device, but a few notes provide his sales figures. In addition, some notes suggest that Shatzer also sold pictures, copies of the Lord's Prayer and other prayers, and a product in bottles. It is clear that all of his sales were in Franklin County.
Papers consist of Drake's professional and personal correspondence. His correspondents include the Philadelphia physician, John Vaughan, to whom he recommends the chemist Robert Best; General Zachary Taylor; Kentucky Governor Robert Perkins Letcher, to whom he recommends Bishop B.B. Smith as Superintendent of Public Instruction; Coleman Rogers, with whom he had a personal disagreement; a patient, Mrs. Davis; and his grandson, Josiah C. Drake.
Papers consist of Drake's professional and personal correspondence. His correspondents include the Philadelphia physician, John Vaughan, to whom he recommends the chemist Robert Best; General Zachary Taylor; Kentucky Governor Robert Perkins Letcher, to whom he recommends Bishop B.B. Smith as Superintendent of Public Instruction; Coleman Rogers, with whom he had a personal disagreement; a patient, Mrs. Davis; and his grandson, Josiah C. Drake.
Personal and family correspondence, including the almost unintelligible letters of her son, Arthur Wilson Clark, who was mentally deranged and often signed himself "Napoleon Bonaparte." The early letters contain a few scattered references to the Spanish-American War.
Personal and family correspondence, including the almost unintelligible letters of her son, Arthur Wilson Clark, who was mentally deranged and often signed himself "Napoleon Bonaparte." The early letters contain a few scattered references to the Spanish-American War.
ALS from Long to the editor of The southern watchman, on the fictional character created by Long, Billy Muckly; a typescript of a poem by Mary McKinley Cobb, In memoriam, Dr. Crawford W. Long, discoverer of anaesthesia; and a photostat of James Venable's account with Long for the first half of 1842. The letter and the typescript are annotated by Long's daughter, Emma M.
ALS from Long to the editor of The southern watchman, on the fictional character created by Long, Billy Muckly; a typescript of a poem by Mary McKinley Cobb, In memoriam, Dr. Crawford W. Long, discoverer of anaesthesia; and a photostat of James Venable's account with Long for the first half of 1842. The letter and the typescript are annotated by Long's daughter, Emma M.
Joséphine Collomb was a nursing student in 1905 at the Maison-êcole d'infirmières privées, founded by Léonie Chaptal in 1905 with a class size of 24 students, in the Plaisance quarter of Paris. Collection comprises a nursing manuscript notebook (179 pages) maintained in French by Joséphine Collomb during her studies at the Maison-êcole d'infirmières privées. There are 175 pages of notes and 4 pages listing medical instruments. Topics of the notes include microbes, sterilization, operating in the countryside, a nurse's duties, suturing, dressing, antiseptics, dislocation, setting limbs, contusions, burns, epistaxis, blood disorders, hypodermic injections, morphine, caffeine and its uses, ether, serotherapy, fevers, cauterizing, prophylaxis for cholera, measles, typhoid, and tuberculosis, with an explanation of causes and treatments. The volume includes a color map of France with a table of Départements.
Joséphine Collomb was a nursing student in 1905 at the Maison-êcole d'infirmières privées, founded by Léonie Chaptal in 1905 with a class size of 24 students, in the Plaisance quarter of Paris. Collection comprises a nursing manuscript notebook (179 pages) maintained in French by Joséphine Collomb during her studies at the Maison-êcole d'infirmières privées. There are 175 pages of notes and 4 pages listing medical instruments. Topics of the notes include microbes, sterilization, operating in the countryside, a nurse's duties, suturing, dressing, antiseptics, dislocation, setting limbs, contusions, burns, epistaxis, blood disorders, hypodermic injections, morphine, caffeine and its uses, ether, serotherapy, fevers, cauterizing, prophylaxis for cholera, measles, typhoid, and tuberculosis, with an explanation of causes and treatments. The volume includes a color map of France with a table of Départements.
Business and family correspondence and papers of Charles Anthony Hundley and of Daniel W. Owen, his son-in-law. Hundley's papers relate to his student days at Emory and Henry College, a proposed expedition to California in 1849-1850, business dealings in the Midwest (1850s), post-Civil War business affairs, and the settlement of Hundley's estate. Owen's papers begin about 1880 and chiefly concern politics and agriculture, but also include information on the higher education of women and World War I. Correspondents include Elisha E. Hundley, father of Charles, Claude A. Swanson, and P. B. Owen. Formerly known as the Hundley-Owen Papers.
Barriner family of Poplar Bluff, Missouri. Brothers Clyde Barriner and Woodrow Barriner were members of the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). Collection includes letters chiefly sent to Sarah Barriner of Poplar Bluff, Mo., from her children and relatives. Letters from her son Woodrow Barriner describe daily activities and camp life in Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Company 1727 near Powers, Or., from 1933-1934. Also included are letters from Clyde Barriner in Van Buren, Mo.; from Esther Payne in Sumter, S.C., 1940-1941; from Minnie Hanson of Piedmont, Mo.; and from Opal Hill. Family letters typically discuss social life in customs and hardships caused by the Great Depression.
U.S. physician; pioneer of vaccination in the U.S. Collection chiefly consists of photostatic copies of correspondence written to Waterhouse, and brings together material from various U. S. collections. Includes some original letters acquired by Duke University. The bulk of the material, correspondence and minutes of meetings of the Corporation of Harvard College, relates to vaccination and Waterhouse's removal from his Harvard professorship. Correspondents include: J. Warren, J.C. Warren, J. Jackson, J. Gorham, W. Jenks, J.R. Coxe, B. Lincoln, S. Williams, J. Sullivan, B. Silliman, J. Redman, W. Cogswell, J. Lathrop, J. Monroe, J. T. Kirkland, H. Dearborn, H.A.S. Dearborn, J. Tilton, J. Winthrop, T. Jefferson, D. Webster, J. Sparks, L. Cass, and R. Elton. Collection also includes photostatic copy of Waterhouse's 1794 journal describing a trip to Saratoga Springs. Forms part of the Trent Manuscripts Collection and was acquired as part of the History of Medicine Collections at Duke University.
U.S. physician; pioneer of vaccination in the U.S. Collection chiefly consists of photostatic copies of correspondence written to Waterhouse, and brings together material from various U. S. collections. Includes some original letters acquired by Duke University. The bulk of the material, correspondence and minutes of meetings of the Corporation of Harvard College, relates to vaccination and Waterhouse's removal from his Harvard professorship. Correspondents include: J. Warren, J.C. Warren, J. Jackson, J. Gorham, W. Jenks, J.R. Coxe, B. Lincoln, S. Williams, J. Sullivan, B. Silliman, J. Redman, W. Cogswell, J. Lathrop, J. Monroe, J. T. Kirkland, H. Dearborn, H.A.S. Dearborn, J. Tilton, J. Winthrop, T. Jefferson, D. Webster, J. Sparks, L. Cass, and R. Elton. Collection also includes photostatic copy of Waterhouse's 1794 journal describing a trip to Saratoga Springs. Forms part of the Trent Manuscripts Collection and was acquired as part of the History of Medicine Collections at Duke University.
Byrd L. Jones was a professor at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. This collection contains Byrd's correspondence with economist Lauchlin B. Currie concerning his publications on the New Deal era. It forms part of the Economists' Papers Archive.
Byrd L. Jones was a professor at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. This collection contains Byrd's correspondence with economist Lauchlin B. Currie concerning his publications on the New Deal era. It forms part of the Economists' Papers Archive.
Brooks Rupture Appliance Company manufactured cushioned belts that helped relieve pain from hernias. Collection consists of correspondence between Brooks Rupture Appliance Company and their customers, most of which are testimonials from customers who were happy with their purchases and felt that their hernias had been cured. Acquired as part of the History of Medicine Collection at Duke University.
Cornelius Bowman Campbell graduated from the Oneida Institute in New York, and was an abolitionist and an advocate for temperance and women's suffrage. Collection includes outgoing and incoming letters for Cornelius Bowman Campbell, a few manuscripts by him, and Campbell family papers.
Cornelius Bowman Campbell graduated from the Oneida Institute in New York, and was an abolitionist and an advocate for temperance and women's suffrage. Collection includes outgoing and incoming letters for Cornelius Bowman Campbell, a few manuscripts by him, and Campbell family papers.
Includes an Oneida Institute program for exercises on their anniversary in 1842, with Campbell's oration written inside. Other manuscripts include a "Description of a Mill River;" an essay on music; the oration "Literary Eccentricity;" a valediction; a draft of a will mentioning Campbell; a colloquy featuring Campbell playing the part of "A lecturer on the New Philosophy of Mind;" and a 4-page handwritten issue of the Oneida Institute's literary newspaper, The Extempore (Vol 1, no. 3), edited by Campbell.
Campbell wrote the letters as a young man to his father, except for the first one, which was written to both parents. Letter topics include Grahamism and water cures, health of family members, his debts and money-making pursuits, and his attendance at Oneida Institute. There is only occasional mention of his abolitionist and temperance beliefs and work.
Collection comprises a contract, dated 1865 June 8, made with 28 male and female former slaves for the growing of cotton on the "Plains" plantation in Fayette, Jefferson County, Mississippi. The laborers committed to working every day "from sun to sun," except Sunday, with other possible days off. They were to be paid one quarter of the net proceeds for the crop. The contract was witnessed by O.H. McGinty[?] and signed by executors E.G. Woods and Stephen Ireland; the last name of the deceased owner is illegible. The document was recorded by the sub-commissioner for the Freedmen's Department in Jefferson County, A.M. Brobst[?], on 1865 August 28, with notes regarding the executors, the contract's attachment to a lien, and $45 taxes paid on 15 laborers on August 21.
Collection comprises a contract, dated 1865 June 8, made with 28 male and female former slaves for the growing of cotton on the "Plains" plantation in Fayette, Jefferson County, Mississippi. The laborers committed to working every day "from sun to sun," except Sunday, with other possible days off. They were to be paid one quarter of the net proceeds for the crop. The contract was witnessed by O.H. McGinty[?] and signed by executors E.G. Woods and Stephen Ireland; the last name of the deceased owner is illegible. The document was recorded by the sub-commissioner for the Freedmen's Department in Jefferson County, A.M. Brobst[?], on 1865 August 28, with notes regarding the executors, the contract's attachment to a lien, and $45 taxes paid on 15 laborers on August 21.