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John Hope Franklin papers, 1891-2010, bulk 1950-2010 306 Linear Feet (244 boxes and 1 oversize film can) 428 Megabytes (Approximately 318 files and associated disk images.)

In the course of his tenure in Brooklyn, where he served until 1965, Franklin published three books: The Militant South, 1800-1860 (1956), Reconstruction after the Civil War (1961), and The Emancipation Proclamation (1963).
The series is divided into Honorary Degrees and General Awards, both sorted in chronological order.
Commission on Civil Rights, and Justice Thurgood Marshall; and his engagement with numerous civic, community, and educational organizations such as the Board of Foreign Scholarships and Fisk University's Board of Trustees.

John Hope Franklin was an African American historian specializing in Southern and African American history. The papers document his entire career as well as his personal life and political interests: his prolific writings on African American and Southern history; his role as a mentor and colleague, including his time as professor at Duke University; his role in associations such as Phi Beta Kappa, the American Historical Association, the Association for the Study of African American Life and History, and others; his participation in the civil rights movement, including his work with the NAACP Legal and Educational Defense Fund, the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, and Justice Thurgood Marshall; and his engagement with numerous civic, community, and educational organizations such as the Board of Foreign Scholarships and Fisk University's Board of Trustees. There is also a significant amount of material from Franklin's work on President Clinton's Advisory Board for the President's Initiative on Race in 1997 and 1998. Items in the collection include files of correspondence in original order; research sources and notes; writings by and about Franklin; materials relating to family history; papers and diaries of other family members, including his father, and wife, Aurelia; printed material; event folders; many informal and publicity photographs; video and sound recordings; and awards and other memorabilia.

Collection Context

Evaporated Milk Association collection, 1924-1934, 1939-1967 0.75 Linear Feet

By the end of the American Civil War, sweetened condensed milk had grown in popularity, and its success encouraged inventors John B.
The introduction of homogenization in 1909 and continuous sterilization in 1922 led to increased consumption by the general public, and the milk was widely used to feed American troops during World War I.
The Evaporated Milk Association continued to lobby and promote the industry throughout World War II and during the post-war period. It merged with the American Dairy Products Institute in 1987.

The Evaporated Milk Association, organized by manufacturers in 1923, issued free publications promoting the use of evaporated milk throughout the United States. This collection consists of publications with recipes, scientific studies, and stories encouraging the consumption of canned evaporated milk. These pamphlets and booklets were donated to Duke University Libraries in the 1930s by the Evaporated Milk Association. Collection also includes engineering documents about the design of evaporated milk facilities.

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Eltinge-Lord Family papers (Peter Eltinge papers), 1856-1871 7 Linear Feet (14 boxes) 2,245 Items

Other peculiarities in both divisions include the filing of such items as general orders, printed materials, etc., in among correspondence and other categories.
General George B. Hodge, one filed among the Chillicothe's official correspondence and another among that ship's orders, indicate what the Confederate regulations were on commerce passing through Union lines.
There are a number of scattered items in the Lord Division connected with the Civil War. They include an order limiting the correspondence of naval personnel with members of the press (records of the Chillocothe, orders), letters announcing the formation of a veterans' organization known as the Mississippi Squadron Association (personal letter), a piece of stationery bearing the Confederate flag (Confederate papers), and a critical evaluation of General Banks by Mary Lord after George had been ordered up the Red River (personal letters, copies).

Correspondence of Peter Eltinge, an officer in the 156th New York Volunteer Infantry during the Civil War, relating to his service in the Dept. of the Gulf (1863-1864), Maryland and Virginia (1864), and Georgia and the Carolinas (1865), participation in the occupation of Georgia; and operation of a grocery store in Memphis, Tenn., and speculation in cotton after the war. Topics include politics, temperance, economic conditions, Black soldiers in the Union Army, and Black agricultural laborers during Reconstruction. Also, naval records and other papers of George P. Lord of Camden, Del., brother-in-law of Peter Eltinge, chiefly relating to his duty as a navel officer on ironclads of the Mississippi Squadron (1861-1865), including the U.S.S. Chillicothe, U.S.S. Ozark, and U.S.S. Osage. Topics include the Red River Expedition of 1864 and the regulation of commerce on the Mississippi River.

Collection Context

Student Activism Reference collection, 1934-2025 1.5 Linear Feet

Major topics include: civil rights; human rights; campus labor issues; corporate divestiture in South Africa; anti-Semitism and racism on campus; and global events such as the Vietnam War.

01 -- General Information and University History
01 -- General Information and University History > 11 -- Reference Collections

The Student Activism Reference Collection was compiled from a variety of sources by the University Archives for use in reference and research. Collection contains materials pertaining to student movements and protests at Duke University in Durham, N.C. Contents are chiefly printed materials and include flyers, clippings, publications, petitions, print outs of chants and slogans, and other items. Major topics include: civil rights; human rights; campus labor issues; corporate divestiture in South Africa; anti-Semitism and racism on campus; and global events such as the Vietnam War. Materials in the collection date from 1934 and are added to the collection on a continuing basis.

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William Boone Douglass papers, 1809-1948 8.75 Linear Feet

American Civil War (1861-1865)
Material is arranged in the following general order: correspondence, genealogical and personal material, financial and legal material (including patents), material related to Douglass' survey work and national parks, other printed and visual material, and writings.
In 1904 Douglass was appointed as an examiner of surveys in the General Land Office, and from 1908 to 1912 he surveyed and named three natural bridges situated on land in Utah, Colorado, and Arizona belonging to the Paiute and Navajo peoples.

William Boone Douglass (1864-1947) was a white lawyer, engineer, and surveyor from Corydon (Harrison Co.), Indiana who was known for his survey work in the southwest United States. Collection includes correspondence, genealogical material, maps, photographs, notebooks on the Pueblo Indians, and other papers of Douglass and of various members of the Boone and Douglass families.

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Earl Dotter collection of Charles G. A. Thamm photographs, 1860s-2023 12 Gigabytes (approximately 1276 files) 5 Linear Feet (11 boxes)

His family immigrated to the United States shortly before the American Civil War, and settled in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Thamm's images also include Civil War veteran reunions, such as the Grand Army of the Republic's 33rd encampment and parade in Philadelphia; Grant's cabin in Fairmount Park; and naval ships from the Great White Fleet on the Delaware River in 1899. Several family friends appearing in Thamm's portraits were Civil War veterans. Some families documented by Thamm include the Charles Deininger family; George W.

Earl Dotter is a documentarian, photojournalist, and labor activist based in Maryland. Dotter's great-grandfather, Charles G. A. Thamm, also worked as a photographer in Pennsylvania and was employed by the Landreth Seed Catalog Company. This collection contains photographs in various formats - including negatives and prints - created by Thamm and his family in the 1890s and early 1900s. It also contains digital surrogate images of Thamm's work, adjusted by Dotter.

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Steven Channing collection of February One recordings, 2002-2003, 2003 4 Linear Feet 87 items

Civil rights movements -- United States
His published books include the Allen Nevins Prize winning study Crisis of Fear - Secession in South Carolina (1970), and Kentucky: A History (1976), and The Confederate Ordeal (1983) for Time-Life's Civil War series. Dr. Channing founded Video Dialog Inc.
The act of simply sitting down to order food in a restaurant that refused service to anyone but whites is now widely regarded as one of the pivotal moments in the American Civil Rights Movement.

Eighty-seven betacam videocassettes containing interviews and production footage for the 2003 documentary February One: The Story of the Greensboro Four, directed by Steven Channing and Rebecca Cerese.

Collection Context

Alfred and Elizabeth Brand Collection of Civil War and Lee Family papers, 1757-1925, bulk 1838-1868 3.4 Linear Feet 100 Items

Alfred and Elizabeth Brand Collection of Civil War and Lee Family papers, 1757-1925, bulk 1838-1868
Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865
The Civil War Papers Series includes battle reports from Bull Run (1861), Fredericksburg, and Gettysburg; Confederate Army General Orders Nos. 9, 64, and 18; letters detailing the operation of the Confederate Army, outcomes of battles, and Confederate opinions about the Civil War and specific officers.

Collection consists of two series, Civil War Papers and Lee Family Papers, acquired and assembled by collectors Alfred and Elizabeth Brand. Materials relate to the Lee family, including Francis Lightfoot Lee, Henry Light Horse Harry Lee, Richard Henry Lee, and Robert E. Lee, as well as Civil War history, including battle reports, correspondence between Confederate and Union leaders and officers (such as Braxton Bragg, Jefferson Davis, William T. Sherman, and Thomas 'Stonewall' Jackson), presidential pardons and oaths of allegiance, and some printed materials.

Collection Context

Joseph Fulton Boyd papers, 1861-1869 and undated 20 Linear Feet 12,356 items and 16 vols.

There are also extra duty reports; strength reports, chiefly those of the 11th Maine, 52nd Pennsylvania, 47th, 56th and 100th New York, and 104th Pennsylvania Volunteers; routine correspondence, primarily letters which accompanied reports; miscellaneous papers, generally concerned with African Americans, the conversion of schools into hospitals, and other concerns of the quartermaster; and general orders and circulars.
Formats include routine correspondence, miscellaneous letters, general orders and circulars, strength reports, consolidated quartermaster reports (1861-1863), account books, forage records, invoice books, records books, and a lecture notebook.
Formats include routine correspondence, miscellaneous letters, general orders and circulars, strength reports, consolidated quartermaster reports (1861-1863), account books, forage records, invoice books, records books, and a lecture notebook.

Joseph Fulton Boyd was Chief Quartermaster in the Army of the Ohio during the Civil War. Papers relate mainly to Boyd's activities in the Army of the Ohio and the Quartermaster's Dept., operating in Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina, Alabama, and Georgia. Formats include routine correspondence, miscellaneous letters, general orders and circulars, strength reports, consolidated quartermaster reports (1861-1863), account books, forage records, invoice books, records books, and a lecture notebook. Subjects covered include supplies, transportation, civilian labor, and the Secret Service.

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W. Bryan Bolich papers, 1891-1972 5 Linear Feet 5,000 Items

North Carolina. General Statutes Commission
North Carolina. General Assembly. House of Representatives

North Carolina. General Statutes Commission

W. Bryan Bolich (1896-1977) served as a Professor of Law at Duke University from 1927 to 1966. Papers contain family memorabilia, general correspondence, photographs, an oral history, diaries, course notes, writings, drafts of statutes revisions, and clippings. Major subjects include family work at Southern Railway in Forsyth County, N.C., Duke Law School curriculum development and reorganization, Law Day, the Rhodes Scholarship, Trinity College Class of 1917 alumni activities, Law School Alumni Association, North Carolina House of Representatives, and property and alien rights laws authored with the North Carolina General Statute Commission.

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Samuel S. Biddle papers, 1764-1895 and undated 2 Linear Feet Approx. 3,500 Items

South Carolina -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865
North Carolina -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865
United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865

Planter and merchant families of New Bern (Craven County), North Carolina. Business and personal correspondence of four generations of the Biddle and Simpson families of New Bern, N.C. Most notable are the papers of John Simpson (1728-1788), locally a prominent Revolutionary figure; his son, Samuel; and his great-grandson, Samuel Simpson Biddle (1811-1872). Topics include financial affairs, including deeds, property in Boston, and the shipment of goods; activities of the Baptist Church in the New Bern area; agricultural and business interests; education at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; and children's education in the 19th century. Many letters were written during the Civil War and revolve around the activities of S.S. Biddle, Jr. and James W. Biddle, containing brief descriptions of campaigns, troop movements, traitors, fortifications in South Carolina, camp life, and epidemics. The collection also has 12 volumes of plantation and personal accounts, bills, and receipts, loose deeds and notes, as well as information from the estates of Samuel Simpson and William Biddle.

Collection Context

Benson-Thompson Family papers, 1803-1936 3 Linear Feet 864 Items

Alabama -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865
John Ford Thompson was a brigadier general in the state militia. Andrew Barry Moore was a governor for two terms, 1857-1861.
From 1836-1840, Thomas was Brigadier General in command of the 14th Brigade of the Alabama Militia.

Recorded earlier as the Benson Family Papers. Includes materials from the related families of Elias Benson, physician, of Marion Co., Alabama, and John Ford Thompson, officer of the Alabama Militia. The families emigrated from Greenvilee and Spartanburg counties, S.C., to Alabama in the early 1800s. Personal correspondence and business papers of the Benson, Thompson, and Moore families who migrated from Greenville County and Spartanburg County, South Carolina, to Alabama. Correspondence between the groups in South Carolina and Alabama is concerned for the most part with family matters. However, political events are occasionally discussed, and a number of letters, 1836-1840, deal with the Alabama militia. The collection includes letters reflecting conditions in Alabama during the Civil War; several items on medical education at the University of Louisiana (Tulane University), 1866-1868; and records of the Marion (Alabama) Grange, No. 95, 1873-1876.

Collection Context

Cooper, S[amuel], General Orders No. 64, I-V, Richmond, VA, 1862 September 8 1 item
Box 1

Cooper, S[amuel], General Orders No. 64, I-V, Richmond, VA, 1862 September 8
Alfred and Elizabeth Brand Collection of Civil War and Lee Family papers, 1757-1925, bulk 1838-1868
Civil War Papers

Cooper was Adjutant and Inspector General.

Collection Context

Johnson, J.E., Gen., General Order No. 18, 1865 April 27 1 item
Box 1

Johnson, J.E., Gen., General Order No. 18, 1865 April 27

Civil War Papers
Acknowledged and accepted the terms set forth in Major General W. T. Sherman's Special Field Order No. 65, hailing the end of the Confederacy.

Acknowledged and accepted the terms set forth in Major General W. T. Sherman's Special Field Order No. 65, hailing the end of the Confederacy.

Collection Context

Facsimile of General Order no. 9, 1865 April 10
Box 1

Facsimile of General Order no. 9, 1865 April 10
Alfred and Elizabeth Brand Collection of Civil War and Lee Family papers, 1757-1925, bulk 1838-1868

General order of surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia.

General order of surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia.

Collection Context

Letter from Lee to Samuel Cooper, Adjutant and Inspector General, Richmond, VA, 1865 January 8
Box 1

Letter from Lee to Samuel Cooper, Adjutant and Inspector General, Richmond, VA, 1865 January 8
Alfred and Elizabeth Brand Collection of Civil War and Lee Family papers, 1757-1925, bulk 1838-1868
Letter concerns certain of Lee's orders in regard to correcting abuses, securing discipline and enforcement of orders [in the Department of East Tennessee and Southwestern Virginia] that Cooper failed to properly execute.

Letter concerns certain of Lee's orders in regard to "correcting abuses, securing discipline and enforcement of orders" [in the Department of East Tennessee and Southwestern Virginia] that Cooper failed to properly execute.

Collection Context

General Files Subseries, 1962-2007

General Files Subseries, 1962-2007
Derian assembled these subject files on topics such as civil rights in the U.S., the civil rights movement in Mississippi, international efforts for the trial of war criminals, terrorism, and human rights policies of the Carter and Reagan administrations.
Kennedy Memorial Foundation. Arranged in original order as received.

Derian assembled these subject files on topics such as civil rights in the U.S., the civil rights movement in Mississippi, international efforts for the trial of war criminals, terrorism, and human rights policies of the Carter and Reagan administrations. Folders typically contain Derian's personal notes, correspondence, articles, interviews, reports, and news clippings. Between the years 1981 and 2004 Patricia Derian also served on the award-giving committees of various foundations advocating the improvement of human rights conditions worldwide, such as the Carter-Menil Human Rights Foundation and Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Foundation. Arranged in original order as received.

Collection Context

Currency Issued by Banks and Other Corporate Bodies, Businesses, Etc.

The history of this money ended substantially during the Civil War. The Confederate government and the various states of the Confederacy issued paper currency-during the war.
Congress authorized a national paper currency in 1861, and it is the only paper currency to survive the Civil War as a significant economic factor. Some currency and scrip continued to be issued at various times by businesses and local governments, but it was economically and quantitatively insignificant.
Every decade during this period is represented, but currency is most abundant during the 1850's and 1860's. After the Civil War there are occasional bills. See also the Raphael P.

The Continental Congress issued a great quantity of paper currency in order to finance the Revolution. The depreciation of this money and its economic effects produced a distrust of any national paper currency. For that reason the 1789 Constitution forbade the states to issue paper money. The Constitution was deliberately silent on the federal government's right to do so. However, there was no ban against their issuance by private organizations and local governments. This loophole was utilized to provide paper currency which was both convenient and necessary for economic life. Over 30,000 varieties of notes were issued by 1,600 different banks in 34 different states between 1790 and 1865. These figures do not include the issues of local governments and private businesses that were not banks. The history of this money ended substantially during the Civil War. The Confederate government and the various states of the Confederacy issued paper currency-during the war. The U.S. Congress authorized a national paper currency in 1861, and it is the only paper currency to survive the Civil War as a significant economic factor. Some currency and scrip continued to be issued at various times by businesses and local governments, but it was economically and quantitatively insignificant. It should be remembered, of course, that the federal government issued gold and silver coinage during this period.

Collection Context

Confederate and Southern States Currency

Ball did not always list notes in strict numerical order. For example, among the $20 notes, Type 18, he mixed Criswell numbers as well as note numbers.
The Southern States Currency is divided into two categories in order to keep separate the deacidified and non-deacidified notes.
The currency issued by the Confederate and southern state governments often features engraving, printing, and decorative vignettes, but these bills in general are not as colorful or varied as those issued during and before the Civil War by the private banks and other businesses.

The collection of Confederate and Southern states currency is very extensive, consisting of 3329 pieces. Of this total 2601 bills were issued by the national government, and 727 bills were issues of state governments. See also the Raphael P. Thian Papers for a large collection of Confederate and Southern States currency.

Collection Context

Picture Collection, after 1860

Most of them are pictures of Civil War generals. Many of these cartes bear a U.S. postage stamp, indicating that they were produced before or during the period Sept. 1, 1864-Aug. 1, 1866, when all such photographs transported in the U. S. mail were subject to this form of government tax in order to raise additional wartime revenue. Only five of them have not been identified.
Two non-person pictures include an undated print of the Charlotte Female Institute and an 1863 print of Camp Vermont, Virginia during the Civil War. As of April 2008, these items are located on 6th 16:B.

The major portion of this collection of pictures consists of 53 cartes de viste, dating from the 1860s. Most of them are pictures of Civil War generals. Many of these cartes bear a U.S. postage stamp, indicating that they were produced before or during the period Sept. 1, 1864-Aug. 1, 1866, when all such photographs transported in the U. S. mail were subject to this form of government tax in order to raise additional wartime revenue. Only five of them have not been identified. Also included in this collection are 30 engravings, most of them of prominent American statesmen. Included in the collection are engravings of Kit Carson, Samuel P. Chase, Horatio Gates, and members of Abraham Lincoln's cabinet. Two non-person pictures include an undated print of the Charlotte Female Institute and an 1863 print of Camp Vermont, Virginia during the Civil War. As of April 2008, these items are located on 6th 16:B.

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