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Cooper, S[amuel], General Orders No. 64, I-V, Richmond, VA, 1862 September 8 1 item
Box 1

Cooper, S[amuel], General Orders No. 64, I-V, Richmond, VA, 1862 September 8
Alfred and Elizabeth Brand Collection of Civil War and Lee Family papers, 1757-1925, bulk 1838-1868
Civil War Papers

Cooper was Adjutant and Inspector General.

  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library
  2. Alfred and Elizabeth Brand Collection of Civil War and Lee Family papers, 1757-1925, bulk 1838-1868
  3. Civil War Papers

Johnson, J.E., Gen., General Order No. 18, 1865 April 27 1 item
Box 1

Johnson, J.E., Gen., General Order No. 18, 1865 April 27

Civil War Papers
Acknowledged and accepted the terms set forth in Major General W. T. Sherman's Special Field Order No. 65, hailing the end of the Confederacy.

Acknowledged and accepted the terms set forth in Major General W. T. Sherman's Special Field Order No. 65, hailing the end of the Confederacy.

  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library
  2. Alfred and Elizabeth Brand Collection of Civil War and Lee Family papers, 1757-1925, bulk 1838-1868
  3. Civil War Papers

Facsimile of General Order no. 9, 1865 April 10
Box 1

Facsimile of General Order no. 9, 1865 April 10
Alfred and Elizabeth Brand Collection of Civil War and Lee Family papers, 1757-1925, bulk 1838-1868

General order of surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia.

General order of surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia.

  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library
  2. Alfred and Elizabeth Brand Collection of Civil War and Lee Family papers, 1757-1925, bulk 1838-1868
  3. Lee Family Papers
  4. Lee, Robert E[dward], 1838-1865, 1925

Letter from Lee to Samuel Cooper, Adjutant and Inspector General, Richmond, VA, 1865 January 8
Box 1

Letter from Lee to Samuel Cooper, Adjutant and Inspector General, Richmond, VA, 1865 January 8
Alfred and Elizabeth Brand Collection of Civil War and Lee Family papers, 1757-1925, bulk 1838-1868
Letter concerns certain of Lee's orders in regard to correcting abuses, securing discipline and enforcement of orders [in the Department of East Tennessee and Southwestern Virginia] that Cooper failed to properly execute.

Letter concerns certain of Lee's orders in regard to "correcting abuses, securing discipline and enforcement of orders" [in the Department of East Tennessee and Southwestern Virginia] that Cooper failed to properly execute.

  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library
  2. Alfred and Elizabeth Brand Collection of Civil War and Lee Family papers, 1757-1925, bulk 1838-1868
  3. Lee Family Papers
  4. Lee, Robert E[dward], 1838-1865, 1925

General Files Subseries, 1962-2007

General Files Subseries, 1962-2007
Derian assembled these subject files on topics such as civil rights in the U.S., the civil rights movement in Mississippi, international efforts for the trial of war criminals, terrorism, and human rights policies of the Carter and Reagan administrations.
Kennedy Memorial Foundation. Arranged in original order as received.

Derian assembled these subject files on topics such as civil rights in the U.S., the civil rights movement in Mississippi, international efforts for the trial of war criminals, terrorism, and human rights policies of the Carter and Reagan administrations. Folders typically contain Derian's personal notes, correspondence, articles, interviews, reports, and news clippings. Between the years 1981 and 2004 Patricia Derian also served on the award-giving committees of various foundations advocating the improvement of human rights conditions worldwide, such as the Carter-Menil Human Rights Foundation and Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Foundation. Arranged in original order as received.

  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library
  2. Patricia M. Derian papers, 1962-2008 and undated
  3. Post-Carter Administration Human Rights Work Series, 1978-2007 and undated

Currency Issued by Banks and Other Corporate Bodies, Businesses, Etc.

The history of this money ended substantially during the Civil War. The Confederate government and the various states of the Confederacy issued paper currency-during the war.
Congress authorized a national paper currency in 1861, and it is the only paper currency to survive the Civil War as a significant economic factor. Some currency and scrip continued to be issued at various times by businesses and local governments, but it was economically and quantitatively insignificant.
Every decade during this period is represented, but currency is most abundant during the 1850's and 1860's. After the Civil War there are occasional bills. See also the Raphael P.

The Continental Congress issued a great quantity of paper currency in order to finance the Revolution. The depreciation of this money and its economic effects produced a distrust of any national paper currency. For that reason the 1789 Constitution forbade the states to issue paper money. The Constitution was deliberately silent on the federal government's right to do so. However, there was no ban against their issuance by private organizations and local governments. This loophole was utilized to provide paper currency which was both convenient and necessary for economic life. Over 30,000 varieties of notes were issued by 1,600 different banks in 34 different states between 1790 and 1865. These figures do not include the issues of local governments and private businesses that were not banks. The history of this money ended substantially during the Civil War. The Confederate government and the various states of the Confederacy issued paper currency-during the war. The U.S. Congress authorized a national paper currency in 1861, and it is the only paper currency to survive the Civil War as a significant economic factor. Some currency and scrip continued to be issued at various times by businesses and local governments, but it was economically and quantitatively insignificant. It should be remembered, of course, that the federal government issued gold and silver coinage during this period.

  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library
  2. The Duke University Currency collection, 1746-1982

Confederate and Southern States Currency

Ball did not always list notes in strict numerical order. For example, among the $20 notes, Type 18, he mixed Criswell numbers as well as note numbers.
The Southern States Currency is divided into two categories in order to keep separate the deacidified and non-deacidified notes.
The currency issued by the Confederate and southern state governments often features engraving, printing, and decorative vignettes, but these bills in general are not as colorful or varied as those issued during and before the Civil War by the private banks and other businesses.

The collection of Confederate and Southern states currency is very extensive, consisting of 3329 pieces. Of this total 2601 bills were issued by the national government, and 727 bills were issues of state governments. See also the Raphael P. Thian Papers for a large collection of Confederate and Southern States currency.

  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library
  2. The Duke University Currency collection, 1746-1982

Picture Collection, after 1860

Most of them are pictures of Civil War generals. Many of these cartes bear a U.S. postage stamp, indicating that they were produced before or during the period Sept. 1, 1864-Aug. 1, 1866, when all such photographs transported in the U. S. mail were subject to this form of government tax in order to raise additional wartime revenue. Only five of them have not been identified.
Two non-person pictures include an undated print of the Charlotte Female Institute and an 1863 print of Camp Vermont, Virginia during the Civil War. As of April 2008, these items are located on 6th 16:B.

The major portion of this collection of pictures consists of 53 cartes de viste, dating from the 1860s. Most of them are pictures of Civil War generals. Many of these cartes bear a U.S. postage stamp, indicating that they were produced before or during the period Sept. 1, 1864-Aug. 1, 1866, when all such photographs transported in the U. S. mail were subject to this form of government tax in order to raise additional wartime revenue. Only five of them have not been identified. Also included in this collection are 30 engravings, most of them of prominent American statesmen. Included in the collection are engravings of Kit Carson, Samuel P. Chase, Horatio Gates, and members of Abraham Lincoln's cabinet. Two non-person pictures include an undated print of the Charlotte Female Institute and an 1863 print of Camp Vermont, Virginia during the Civil War. As of April 2008, these items are located on 6th 16:B.

  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library
  2. Harry L. and Mary K. Dalton collection, 1695-1955 and undated
  3. P-R

Images Asia: No Childhood At All (1997)
Box 287 > Video-cassette BU047

Footage of children training at various military camps, including the Tiger Camp under drug war lord Kun Sa. Testimonies of former child soldiers.
Segment on how students risk their lives to demonstrate against the State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC). The SLORC responds with military retaliation.
Ethnic children are worse off, dislocated by civil war, abandoned, or lost. Girls are likely to end up in the brothels and sweat shops across Thailand.
  1. Produced by: Images Asia
  2. Report on children and how they have suffered physically, mentally and emotionally under Burma's military regime. They are denied basic services and education, and are forced to work for the military regime and/or join the army.
  3. Footage of children breaking rocks, building tourist sites, carrying huge bags from boats to land, working at construction sites, irrigation schemes, road building, and mixing toxic chemicals. Footage of children training at various military camps, including the Tiger Camp under drug war lord Kun Sa. Testimonies of former child soldiers. Also includes footage of student demonstrations: December 6, 1996, at Hledan Intersection, Rangoon.
  4. Segment on how students risk their lives to demonstrate against the State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC). The SLORC responds with military retaliation. Footage of student demonstrations: "I believe that, starting from this day, this night, this place, at this time all of us must fight in unity for the dignity of past student leaders, in memory of those who fought in the colonial revolution, for future generations, for the people of Burma, and for our lives."
  5. From a United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) report: "Many children in Burma are orphaned, abandoned, trafficked, exploited in the labor force, institutionalized or jailed. Across the country many children enjoy no childhood at all. They are simply put to work."
  6. Aung San Suu Kyi: "Children have become involved in forced labor lately, because their parents can't afford to take time off from whatever they are doing to make a living, so if you don't provide one person per family for forced labor then you are fined parents send their children to take their place."
  7. According to this report, classrooms are crowded, there is a shortage of textbooks, the dropout rate is high, and 40% of the children have never been to school. Ethnic children are worse off, dislocated by civil war, abandoned, or lost. Girls are likely to end up in the brothels and sweat shops across Thailand. Boys are forced to join the army.
  8. From a UNICEF report: "Children have become victims or participants in Burma's armed conflicts, used as porters, human shields or human minesweepers.Children are killed, forcibly conscripted, unwillingly separated from their families, kidnapped and tortured."
  9. The report states that conscription of children to the army is common, the army rounds up children at movie halls, tea shops, and even schools. Stories are told by runaway child soldiers:
  10. Shwe Hla, 7th grader: "After school the SLORC soldiers came and surrounded the school and arrested us if rich people paid a bribe, they would be freed of course, but we had no money."
  11. Naing Oo, age 16: "The commanders mixed large tablets with army rum and the soldiers would become aggressive."
  12. The SLORC says Burma is experiencing an economic boom, and shows off foreign imports.This report claims that only a small echelon of the society is prospering.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library
  2. International Monitor Institute records, 1986-2011
  3. Audiovisual Materials, circa 1990-2008
  4. Burma, circa 1990-2002

Manuscript letter from S.W.C., in Fayetteville, Arkansas, to Thomas Case, in New Albany, Indiana, 1839 August 4
Folder 1

Some quotes: "The state of the Cherokee Nation at this time is dreadful, a civil war is on the point of commencing, the nation is divided into factions and the head of one part has been assassinated by the orders of the other where it will end no body knows.... the arms, ammunition etc. in the arsenal at this place have been distributed to the different volunteer companies, so that almost every man is completely armed, and altogether our own and country has a very warlike and savage appearance."
Proceedings of this committee that condemned these men were not characterized by that tumultuous and mobbish spirit that the generality of Judge Lynch usually are, on the contrary every thing was conducted with the greatest coolness and propriety...."

Case writes about rising violence in Fayetteville, and describes the increased tension among the Cherokee Nation as well as the 1839 Cane Hill Murders and their aftermath.

  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library
  2. Stuart Walter Case letters, 1837-1840

Correspondence, 1851-1916 and undated

The bulk of the letters cover the years before the American Civil War when John Emory Bryant (JEB) and Emma Spaulding were in Maine, during the Civil War when JEB was at Port Royal and Hilton Head, S.C., during Reconstruction in Georgia (1865-1887), and the remaining years in New York (1888-1900).
The letters describe their courtship, their social lives, and also the conditions during the war. Some of the letters during this period are official orders from officers in the Union Army, including General Rufus Saxton, with whom JEB would continue to work after the war in the Freedman's Bureau.
These volumes cover the years 1863-1868 and include information about the Freedmen's Bureau at Augusta, conditions for Black people in Augusta following the Civil War, and the Republican Club of Augusta. Bryant also pasted in letters from General Rufus Saxton, 1865.

The bulk of the letters cover the years before the American Civil War when John Emory Bryant (JEB) and Emma Spaulding were in Maine, during the Civil War when JEB was at Port Royal and Hilton Head, S.C., during Reconstruction in Georgia (1865-1887), and the remaining years in New York (1888-1900). The letters document JEB's life as a soldier, his courtship and relationship with his wife Emma Spaulding, his involvement in the Republican Party, temperance organizations, the Freedman's Bureau, and the Methodist Episcopal Church, as well as his relationships with other politicians such as President Ulysses S. Grant, James Atkins, Governor Rufus Bullock, and Foster Blodgett, including prominent African-American politicians of the time such as Henry McNeal Turner and William Anderson Pledger.

  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library
  2. John Emory Bryant papers, 1851-1955 and undated

Department of North Carolina general orders, 1865
Box 1

Department of North Carolina general orders, 1865
Contains a manuscript draft copy of General Order 46, issued in Raleigh on May 15, 1865 by Maj.
Also present is a printed broadside of General Order 93, issued July 5, 1865, by Maj. and Asst.

Contains a manuscript draft copy of General Order 46, issued in Raleigh on May 15, 1865 by Maj. Gen. Schofield, concerning the "rules for the government of Freedmen in North Carolina until the restoration of the civil government in the state." The rules elaborate the rights of parents or guardians over the movements and actions of their children (in "place of those of the former master"). The draft outlines expectations of freedpeople in North Carolina, including the following: "It will be left to the employer and servant to agree upon the wages to be paid; but freedmen are advised that for the present season they aught [sic] to expect only moderate wages, and where their employers cannot pay them money they aught to be contented with a fair share in the crops to be raised. They have gained their personal freedom. By industry and good conduct they may rise to independence and even wealth."

  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library
  2. United States Army materials relating to the American Civil War, 1860s-1890s

Benson-Thompson Family papers, 1803-1936 3 Linear Feet 864 Items


Alabama -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865
John Ford Thompson was a brigadier general in the state militia. Andrew Barry Moore was a governor for two terms, 1857-1861.
From 1836-1840, Thomas was Brigadier General in command of the 14th Brigade of the Alabama Militia.
Recorded earlier as the Benson Family Papers. Includes materials from the related families of Elias Benson, physician, of Marion Co., Alabama, and John Ford Thompson, officer of the Alabama Militia. The families emigrated from Greenvilee and Spartanburg counties, S.C., to Alabama in the early 1800s. Personal correspondence and business papers of the Benson, Thompson, and Moore families who migrated from Greenville County and Spartanburg County, South Carolina, to Alabama. Correspondence between the groups in South Carolina and Alabama is concerned for the most part with family matters. However, political events are occasionally discussed, and a number of letters, 1836-1840, deal with the Alabama militia. The collection includes letters reflecting conditions in Alabama during the Civil War; several items on medical education at the University of Louisiana (Tulane University), 1866-1868; and records of the Marion (Alabama) Grange, No. 95, 1873-1876.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Samuel S. Biddle papers, 1764-1895 and undated 2 Linear Feet Approx. 3,500 Items

South Carolina -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865
North Carolina -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865
United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865
Planter and merchant families of New Bern (Craven County), North Carolina. Business and personal correspondence of four generations of the Biddle and Simpson families of New Bern, N.C. Most notable are the papers of John Simpson (1728-1788), locally a prominent Revolutionary figure; his son, Samuel; and his great-grandson, Samuel Simpson Biddle (1811-1872). Topics include financial affairs, including deeds, property in Boston, and the shipment of goods; activities of the Baptist Church in the New Bern area; agricultural and business interests; education at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; and children's education in the 19th century. Many letters were written during the Civil War and revolve around the activities of S.S. Biddle, Jr. and James W. Biddle, containing brief descriptions of campaigns, troop movements, traitors, fortifications in South Carolina, camp life, and epidemics. The collection also has 12 volumes of plantation and personal accounts, bills, and receipts, loose deeds and notes, as well as information from the estates of Samuel Simpson and William Biddle.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

W. Bryan Bolich papers, 1891-1972 5 Linear Feet 5,000 Items


North Carolina. General Statutes Commission
North Carolina. General Assembly. House of Representatives

North Carolina. General Statutes Commission
W. Bryan Bolich (1896-1977) served as a Professor of Law at Duke University from 1927 to 1966. Papers contain family memorabilia, general correspondence, photographs, an oral history, diaries, course notes, writings, drafts of statutes revisions, and clippings. Major subjects include family work at Southern Railway in Forsyth County, N.C., Duke Law School curriculum development and reorganization, Law Day, the Rhodes Scholarship, Trinity College Class of 1917 alumni activities, Law School Alumni Association, North Carolina House of Representatives, and property and alien rights laws authored with the North Carolina General Statute Commission.
  1. Duke University Archives

Joseph Fulton Boyd papers, 1861-1869 and undated 20 Linear Feet 12,356 items and 16 vols.

There are also extra duty reports; strength reports, chiefly those of the 11th Maine, 52nd Pennsylvania, 47th, 56th and 100th New York, and 104th Pennsylvania Volunteers; routine correspondence, primarily letters which accompanied reports; miscellaneous papers, generally concerned with African Americans, the conversion of schools into hospitals, and other concerns of the quartermaster; and general orders and circulars.
Formats include routine correspondence, miscellaneous letters, general orders and circulars, strength reports, consolidated quartermaster reports (1861-1863), account books, forage records, invoice books, records books, and a lecture notebook.
Formats include routine correspondence, miscellaneous letters, general orders and circulars, strength reports, consolidated quartermaster reports (1861-1863), account books, forage records, invoice books, records books, and a lecture notebook.
Joseph Fulton Boyd was Chief Quartermaster in the Army of the Ohio during the Civil War. Papers relate mainly to Boyd's activities in the Army of the Ohio and the Quartermaster's Dept., operating in Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina, Alabama, and Georgia. Formats include routine correspondence, miscellaneous letters, general orders and circulars, strength reports, consolidated quartermaster reports (1861-1863), account books, forage records, invoice books, records books, and a lecture notebook. Subjects covered include supplies, transportation, civilian labor, and the Secret Service.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Alfred and Elizabeth Brand Collection of Civil War and Lee Family papers, 1757-1925, bulk 1838-1868 3.4 Linear Feet 100 Items

Alfred and Elizabeth Brand Collection of Civil War and Lee Family papers, 1757-1925, bulk 1838-1868
Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865
The Civil War Papers Series includes battle reports from Bull Run (1861), Fredericksburg, and Gettysburg; Confederate Army General Orders Nos. 9, 64, and 18; letters detailing the operation of the Confederate Army, outcomes of battles, and Confederate opinions about the Civil War and specific officers.
Collection consists of two series, Civil War Papers and Lee Family Papers, acquired and assembled by collectors Alfred and Elizabeth Brand. Materials relate to the Lee family, including Francis Lightfoot Lee, Henry Light Horse Harry Lee, Richard Henry Lee, and Robert E. Lee, as well as Civil War history, including battle reports, correspondence between Confederate and Union leaders and officers (such as Braxton Bragg, Jefferson Davis, William T. Sherman, and Thomas 'Stonewall' Jackson), presidential pardons and oaths of allegiance, and some printed materials.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Steven Channing collection of February One recordings, 2002-2003, 2003 4 Linear Feet 87 items


Civil rights movements -- United States
His published books include the Allen Nevins Prize winning study Crisis of Fear - Secession in South Carolina (1970), and Kentucky: A History (1976), and The Confederate Ordeal (1983) for Time-Life's Civil War series. Dr. Channing founded Video Dialog Inc.
The act of simply sitting down to order food in a restaurant that refused service to anyone but whites is now widely regarded as one of the pivotal moments in the American Civil Rights Movement.
Eighty-seven betacam videocassettes containing interviews and production footage for the 2003 documentary February One: The Story of the Greensboro Four, directed by Steven Channing and Rebecca Cerese.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Earl Dotter collection of Charles G. A. Thamm photographs, 1860s-2023 12 Gigabytes (approximately 1276 files) 5 Linear Feet (11 boxes)

His family immigrated to the United States shortly before the American Civil War, and settled in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Thamm's images also include Civil War veteran reunions, such as the Grand Army of the Republic's 33rd encampment and parade in Philadelphia; Grant's cabin in Fairmount Park; and naval ships from the Great White Fleet on the Delaware River in 1899. Several family friends appearing in Thamm's portraits were Civil War veterans. Some families documented by Thamm include the Charles Deininger family; George W.
Earl Dotter is a documentarian, photojournalist, and labor activist based in Maryland. Dotter's great-grandfather, Charles G. A. Thamm, also worked as a photographer in Pennsylvania and was employed by the Landreth Seed Catalog Company. This collection contains photographs in various formats - including negatives and prints - created by Thamm and his family in the 1890s and early 1900s. It also contains digital surrogate images of Thamm's work, adjusted by Dotter.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

William Boone Douglass papers, 1809-1948 8.75 Linear Feet


American Civil War (1861-1865)
Material is arranged in the following general order: correspondence, genealogical and personal material, financial and legal material (including patents), material related to Douglass' survey work and national parks, other printed and visual material, and writings.
In 1904 Douglass was appointed as an examiner of surveys in the General Land Office, and from 1908 to 1912 he surveyed and named three natural bridges situated on land in Utah, Colorado, and Arizona belonging to the Paiute and Navajo peoples.
William Boone Douglass (1864-1947) was a white lawyer, engineer, and surveyor from Corydon (Harrison Co.), Indiana who was known for his survey work in the southwest United States. Collection includes correspondence, genealogical material, maps, photographs, notebooks on the Pueblo Indians, and other papers of Douglass and of various members of the Boone and Douglass families.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Student Activism Reference collection, 1934-2025 1.5 Linear Feet

Major topics include: civil rights; human rights; campus labor issues; corporate divestiture in South Africa; anti-Semitism and racism on campus; and global events such as the Vietnam War.

01 -- General Information and University History
01 -- General Information and University History > 11 -- Reference Collections
The Student Activism Reference Collection was compiled from a variety of sources by the University Archives for use in reference and research. Collection contains materials pertaining to student movements and protests at Duke University in Durham, N.C. Contents are chiefly printed materials and include flyers, clippings, publications, petitions, print outs of chants and slogans, and other items. Major topics include: civil rights; human rights; campus labor issues; corporate divestiture in South Africa; anti-Semitism and racism on campus; and global events such as the Vietnam War. Materials in the collection date from 1934 and are added to the collection on a continuing basis.
  1. Duke University Archives

Eltinge-Lord Family papers (Peter Eltinge papers), 1856-1871 7 Linear Feet (14 boxes) 2,245 Items

Other peculiarities in both divisions include the filing of such items as general orders, printed materials, etc., in among correspondence and other categories.
General George B. Hodge, one filed among the Chillicothe's official correspondence and another among that ship's orders, indicate what the Confederate regulations were on commerce passing through Union lines.
There are a number of scattered items in the Lord Division connected with the Civil War. They include an order limiting the correspondence of naval personnel with members of the press (records of the Chillocothe, orders), letters announcing the formation of a veterans' organization known as the Mississippi Squadron Association (personal letter), a piece of stationery bearing the Confederate flag (Confederate papers), and a critical evaluation of General Banks by Mary Lord after George had been ordered up the Red River (personal letters, copies).
Correspondence of Peter Eltinge, an officer in the 156th New York Volunteer Infantry during the Civil War, relating to his service in the Dept. of the Gulf (1863-1864), Maryland and Virginia (1864), and Georgia and the Carolinas (1865), participation in the occupation of Georgia; and operation of a grocery store in Memphis, Tenn., and speculation in cotton after the war. Topics include politics, temperance, economic conditions, Black soldiers in the Union Army, and Black agricultural laborers during Reconstruction. Also, naval records and other papers of George P. Lord of Camden, Del., brother-in-law of Peter Eltinge, chiefly relating to his duty as a navel officer on ironclads of the Mississippi Squadron (1861-1865), including the U.S.S. Chillicothe, U.S.S. Ozark, and U.S.S. Osage. Topics include the Red River Expedition of 1864 and the regulation of commerce on the Mississippi River.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Evaporated Milk Association collection, 1924-1934, 1939-1967 0.75 Linear Feet

By the end of the American Civil War, sweetened condensed milk had grown in popularity, and its success encouraged inventors John B.
The introduction of homogenization in 1909 and continuous sterilization in 1922 led to increased consumption by the general public, and the milk was widely used to feed American troops during World War I.
The Evaporated Milk Association continued to lobby and promote the industry throughout World War II and during the post-war period. It merged with the American Dairy Products Institute in 1987.
The Evaporated Milk Association, organized by manufacturers in 1923, issued free publications promoting the use of evaporated milk throughout the United States. This collection consists of publications with recipes, scientific studies, and stories encouraging the consumption of canned evaporated milk. These pamphlets and booklets were donated to Duke University Libraries in the 1930s by the Evaporated Milk Association. Collection also includes engineering documents about the design of evaporated milk facilities.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

John Hope Franklin papers, 1891-2010, bulk 1950-2010 306 Linear Feet (244 boxes and 1 oversize film can) 428 Megabytes (Approximately 318 files and associated disk images.)

In the course of his tenure in Brooklyn, where he served until 1965, Franklin published three books: The Militant South, 1800-1860 (1956), Reconstruction after the Civil War (1961), and The Emancipation Proclamation (1963).
The series is divided into Honorary Degrees and General Awards, both sorted in chronological order.
Commission on Civil Rights, and Justice Thurgood Marshall; and his engagement with numerous civic, community, and educational organizations such as the Board of Foreign Scholarships and Fisk University's Board of Trustees.
John Hope Franklin was an African American historian specializing in Southern and African American history. The papers document his entire career as well as his personal life and political interests: his prolific writings on African American and Southern history; his role as a mentor and colleague, including his time as professor at Duke University; his role in associations such as Phi Beta Kappa, the American Historical Association, the Association for the Study of African American Life and History, and others; his participation in the civil rights movement, including his work with the NAACP Legal and Educational Defense Fund, the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, and Justice Thurgood Marshall; and his engagement with numerous civic, community, and educational organizations such as the Board of Foreign Scholarships and Fisk University's Board of Trustees. There is also a significant amount of material from Franklin's work on President Clinton's Advisory Board for the President's Initiative on Race in 1997 and 1998. Items in the collection include files of correspondence in original order; research sources and notes; writings by and about Franklin; materials relating to family history; papers and diaries of other family members, including his father, and wife, Aurelia; printed material; event folders; many informal and publicity photographs; video and sound recordings; and awards and other memorabilia.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Funkhouser family papers, 1786-1941, bulk 1836-1908 6 Linear Feet

United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Religious aspects
There is an account book mentioning Confederate Army purchases; papers relating to a claim against the United States for farm buildings, equipment and products burned or seized by order of General Sheridan; and tax in kind estimates and receipts.
Printed materials with the collection relate to teaching, insurance, an 1899 civil service examination, and standing orders for a mental hospital.
The Funkhouser family lived in Virginia with members moving West with the expansion of the Unites States. Other Funkhouser descendants moved into Ohio, Maryland and New Jersey. The collection contains correspondence, diary and other papers, chiefly 1836-1908, of the Funkhouser family of Mount Jackson, Va. including Andrew Funkhouser. Topics discussed include conditions in the West, opposition to slavery, and economic conditions in the U.S. after 1837; Civil War letters discuss camp life of Union and Confederate soldiers and the state of the South. Post-war letters are mainly personal. Includes a diary (1863) kept by G. H. Snapp, a minister of the United Brethren in Christ Church, telling of religious life among soldiers and civilians.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

John Berkley Grimball papers, 1727-1930 3 Linear Feet 1610 Items

South Carolina -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865
United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Destruction and pillage
Other papers of this collection include a copy of General Orders, no. 18, Headquarters Army of Tenn. near Greensboro, N.C., Apr. 27, 1865; letter from the President of Princeton College in 1888 supporting the Anti-Liquor League; a bound volume which is a letter and memorandum book containing, among other things, letters from Ridgeville, copies of J.B. and Arthur Grimball's wills; a daybook; an account book of J.B.
Planter, of Charleston, S.C. Correspondence and other papers of Grimball, of his family, and of the VanderHorst family. The bulk of the material is for 1840-1900 and pertains to the life of a planter during the Civil War and Reconstruction. Correspondence concerns life in the Confederate services, wartime depredations in South Carolina, the Confederate migration to Mexico and life and politics in that country after 1865, and life and economic conditions in the South during Reconstruction.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

David Newton Henderson papers, 1930-1976 218 Linear Feet 439 Boxes

Certain material in the original collection was discarded such as routine requests for publications, general information, autographs, pictures, flags, tickets to the White House, etc.
The papers reveal public opinion and legislative trends on such issues as civil rights, the Vietnamese War, the energy crisis of the early 1970s, and the Watergate affair. Henderson illustrates well the position of a conservative southern Democratic congressman voting against all civil rights legislation, opposing extension and raising of the minimum wage, federal aid to education, the War Against Poverty, and foreign aid.
Correspondence, reports, speeches, drafts of bills, notes, newsletters, printed material, clippings, and other papers, relating to Henderson's service as representative from the 3rd Congressional district of North Carolina, including material relating to his work on the Post Office, Civil Service, and Public Works committees, and to civil rights, minimum wage, federal aid to education, the Vietnam Conflict, anti-poverty programs, foreign aid, tobacco, Watergate, the energy crisis of the early 1970s, and local affairs and projects in eastern North Carolina.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Henkel Family papers, 1812-1953 and undated 0.5 Linear Feet 165 Items

North Carolina -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives, Confederate
Virginia -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives, Confederate
The correspondence touches on many subjects, chiefly church matters, but there is a small group of Civil War letters from Henkel family members recounting battles (Fort Sumter; Mine Run, Va.), Union occupation, and camp life.
Solomon, Ambrose, and Socrates Henkel were prominent Lutherant churchmen active in Virginia, Tennessee, and North Carolina. Correspondence (1812-1894), account books, and notes for sermons, articles and lectures, belonging to the Henkel family. The primary authors are Solomon and Ambrose Henkel, and their nephew, Socrates Henkel, prominent Lutheran churchmen. Includes information on the Lutheran Church in Virginia, Tennessee, and North Carolina, and on the publishing house Henkel Press, Inc., at New Market, Virginia. Some of the material is in German. The correspondence touches on many subjects, chiefly church matters, but there is a small group of Civil War letters from Henkel family members recounting battles (Fort Sumter; Mine Run, Va.), Union occupation, and camp life. One letter from 1860 mentions the hanging of an abolitionist. Also included is a diary begun in 1802, written by Paul Henkel, with a transcription; there are also miscellaneous writings, items relating to religious music, and advertisements.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Abraham Joshua Heschel papers, 1880, 1919-1998 and undated 162 Linear Feet (319 boxes)


Vietnam War, 1961-1975 -- Protest movements
Vietnam War, 1961-1965 -- United States

Civil rights
Abraham Joshua Heschel was an internationally known scholar, author, activist, and theologian. He was born in Warsaw, Poland into a distinguished family of Hasidic rebbes, and studied philosophy in Berlin, Germany. In 1938 he was deported from Frankfurt to Warsaw where he escaped to London just before the Nazi invasion. After a brief time in London he immigrated to the United States, first teaching at the Hebrew Union College and then at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America where he taught as Professor of Ethics and Mysticism until his death in 1972. In addition to his active participation in social justice issues and his interfaith work, Heschel was also a scholar and religious thinker who made significant contributions to Jewish studies. As a philosopher of religion, his goal was to make the spiritual insights of Judaism understandable and over the course of his lifetime influenced generations of Jews and non-Jews. The Abraham Joshua Heschel Papers span the years 1880 to 1998 and document Abraham Joshua Heschel's personal, academic, and public life. Items in this collection include correspondence, writings by and about Heschel, typescripts, clippings, printed material, and a small amount of photographs and artifacts. The materials in the collection provide insight to Heschel's identity as a spiritual leader and how this role was inextricably connected to his personal and professional life. The collection is organized into the following series: Audio, Correspondence, Personal and Family Materials, Public Activity, Restricted, and Writings.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Hinsdale Family papers, 1712-1973 16 Linear Feet 2557 Items

His education was interrupted by the Civil War. At age 18 he joined the Confederate Army as an aid-de-camp to his uncle, General Theophilus Hunter Holmes.
the Rubenstein Library at Duke University also holds the papers of Theophilus Hunter Holmes, John Wetmore Hinsdale's uncle and his commanding general during the Civil War.
Other sources of information in the collection on the Civil War include the C.S.A. War Department Records Book, a partially indexed, bound collection of orders, circulars, and letters from the War Department and Bureau of Conscription to General Holmes during the period 1863-1865.
This collection centers around John Wetmore Hinsdale (1843-1921), a successful lawyer and businessman who served in the Confederate army. His son, John Wetmore Hinsdale, Jr., was also a lawyer and politician in North Carolina. Correspondence, Civil War diaries, newspapers clippings, C.S.A. War Dept. records book, and other papers, of a family of lawyers, of Raleigh and Fayetteville, N.C. Includes material on Confederate generals Theophilus Hunter Holmes, William Dorsey Pender, and James Johnston Pettigrew; schools, education, railroad taxation, and legislation, government and politics in North Carolina, particularly during the 1930s; and medical practice in Virginia ca. 1900. Persons represented include Ellen Devereux Hinsdale, John Wetmore Hinsdale, and John Wetmore Hinsdale, Jr.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

William Swinton Bennett Hopkins papers, 1834-1946, bulk 1852-1898 3.5 Linear Feet 1657 Items

United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865
Colonel in the 31st Massachusetts Volunteers during the Civil War and a prominent Mass. attorney and politician.
Collection consists largely of correspondence between family members, friends, and business associates spanning three generations, as well as some Civil War and early Reconstruction letters relating to Hopkins' activities in New Orleans.

Collection consists largely of correspondence between family members, friends, and business associates spanning three generations, as well as some Civil War and early Reconstruction letters relating to Hopkins' activities in New Orleans. Correspondents include Hopkins' daughter, Elizabeth; her husband Alfred Lawrence Aiken, a prominent banker in Boston; the Gadsden family of Charleston, S.C.; and the Peck family, relatives of Hopkins' wife, Lizzie. An information folder chronologically lists a portion of the collection. Also included in this collection are a few legal papers, financial papers, addresses and writings, pictures, and a miscellaneous folder that includes some genealogy. Subjects mentioned in the letters include travel in the U.S. and Europe, marriage and family life, illness, Williams College, Yale College, politics, law,"bloodletting with leeches," Civil War activities, and The Worcester Continentals.

  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Coletta Youngers papers, 1977-2004 and undated 21 Linear Feet 0.4 Megabytes

Portions of this collection have not been ordered and described beyond their original condition.
The collection is divided into the Printed Material and the Subject Files Series; there is also a separate listing at the end of this finding aid of printed works transferred to the Duke University Perkins Library general collections. Beyond the research materials in these series, there are currently no additional personal papers of Youngers in the collection.
These items have been transferred to the Duke Perkins Library general collections; they can be located through the Duke Libraries online catalog.
Human rights researcher and policy advocate at the Washington Office on Latin America. The Coletta Youngers Papers span the dates 1977-2004, and consist of reports and scholarly research, clippings, correspondence, and government documents related to socio-political conditions and human rights issues in Perú, gathered by Youngers while living in Peru during the 1980s and researching her 2003 book on political violence in Perú.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Hypes family papers, 1700s-2010 4 Linear Feet (6 boxes; 1 oversize folder) Approximately 2250 Items

In 1824, the Horners settled in Lebanon, Illinois, where they ran a mill and general store. Nancy's brother, Benjamin Hypes, soon joined them there and eventually bought out the store.
Samuel Henry Hypes was a store clerk in Xenia. During the Civil War he traveled to Shiloh and Vicksburg as a photographer, returning to Ohio in 1863.
Their son William Findlay Hypes moved to Chicago in 1880 and was the general sales manager of the wholesale house of Marshall Field and Co. for over thirty years.
Materials from the branch of the Hypes family that descended from Henry Hypes of Xenia, Ohio: Samuel Henry Hypes (1826-1917); his son, William Findlay Hypes; his grandson, Samuel Loomis Hypes; and his great-grandson, William P. Hypes. Collection includes a wide range of material from the Hypes family, particularly William Findlay Hypes, Samuel Loomis Hypes, and William P. Hypes. William Findlay Hypes' materials highlight his career at Marshall Fields and Co. of Chicago and his service as President of the Y.M.C.A. of Chicago, with emphasis on his family's world tour on behalf of the Y.M.C.A. in 1924-1925. Hundreds of postcards and photographs collected by the family are contained in the papers, including images from India, Ceylon (Sri Lanka), China, Europe, Egypt, and many more places, most unlabeled. Some material from Samuel Loomis Hypes' army service during World War I is also included, the most noteworthy being 24 black and white photographs featuring crowds awaiting the signing of the Treaty of Versailles and the shipping of troops back to the United States, including photographs of African American soldiers. Materials from William P. Hypes relate to his work with the Y.M.C.A. in the mid-twentieth century. The family's research into their genealogy and family history, unidentified family photographs, and smaller amounts of correspondence and material from other family members are also included.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Jarratt-Puryear family papers, 1807-1918, bulk 1843-1879, bulk 1843-1879 3 Linear Feet (6 boxes, 2,349 items (including 4 vols.))

North Carolina -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865
Mary's College, Raleigh, North Carolina; the education of Augustus Jarratt at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and conditions at the university preceding the Civil War; Isaac Jarratt's partnership with Tyre Glen in the slave trade between Alabama and North Carolina, 1830-1835; the Creek War of 1836; United States relations with Mexico, 1842; a survey of Wilson, North Carolina, 1851; frontier conditions in Texas; the Civil War, including troop movements in North Carolina and Virginia, conditions in the Confederate Army, conscription, lists of absentees, official orders for enrolling new age groups, conscription lists, casualty lists, payments to widows, and home conditions; freedmen, including letters from former enslaved persons inquiring about relatives; Jarratt's efforts to get whiskey during the war; North Carolina politics after the war; whiskey taxes; conditions in California; a Texas counterfeit affair in which A.
Subjects include the slave trade between North Carolina and Alabama, 1830-1835; North Carolina during the Civil War and Reconstruction, conditions at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill prior to the war, plantation accounts, the distillation and sale of whiskey, and business affairs.
Collection contains chiefly correspondence relating to the Clingman, Jarratt, Poindexter, and Puryear families, early settlers of Surry County, N.C., together with a genealogical table. Subjects include the slave trade between North Carolina and Alabama, 1830-1835; North Carolina during the Civil War and Reconstruction, conditions at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill prior to the war, plantation accounts, the distillation and sale of whiskey, and business affairs. Correspondents include William James Bingham, John Adams Gilmer, and Zebulon Vance.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Leroy T. Walker Africa News Service Archive, 1952-1998 and undated 606.6 Linear Feet 439,500 Items


"General" indicates there was not sufficient material on a subject to divide into categories.
For example, "South Africa: Bantustans - General" would include a variety of information about Bantustans as a subject and specific Bantustans. Following "General" are files on specific Bantustans, e.g., "Ciskei," indicating that there was sufficient information about Ciskei to warrant its own folder.

The LeRoy T. Walker Africa News Service Archive is an extensive resource file assembled by Africa News Service (ANS) over the course of two decades in support of its news gathering efforts about Africa-related issues and U. S. foreign policy towards Africa. The collection spans the years from approximately 1960 to 1995, with the bulk of the materials dating from 1978 through 1994. Newspaper clippings, magazine articles, press releases, newsletters, brochures, and reports comprise the collection. Much of the material is gathered from mainstream media sources and government documentation in the United States, Europe, Africa, and other parts of the world. In addition, the collection includes significant resources from alternative, minority, and special interest presses world-wide that may be difficult to locate elsewhere. The archive contains scarce and difficult-to-locate materials such as numerous publications produced by non-governmental organizations and grass-roots/community groups that are/were involved in efforts related to independence movements, economic development, and human rights issues in Africa.

  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

George Wesley Johnson papers, 1829-1939, bulk bulk 10 Linear Feet (7 boxes, 2,620 items and 77 vols.)


General stores -- Records
Johnson while one or the other bought goods in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, before the Civil War; bills, accounts, receipts, orders, promissory notes, and letters of a business nature, including occasional reference to another brother of George W.

Material during the Civil War period is limited to a few letters in 1863 from W.
Correspondence, daybooks, in the early 1840s, ledgers, notebooks, accounts, bills, receipts, orders, promissory notes, postal records, and other papers (chiefly 1831-1888) of George Wesley Johnson and of his family. The material pertains to Tennessee agriculture, purchases of goods in Philadelphia and other northern cities before and after the Civil War, Wake Forest College, the University of North Carolina, Greensboro Female College, economic conditions after the Civil War, and the mercantile activities of the Johnsons.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Charles Colcock Jones papers, 1757-1926 4.5 Linear Feet approx. 920 Items

United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns
Jones served in the Confederate army during the Civil War and moved to New York City after the war to rebuild his lost fortune.
Army by certain states (1861-1865); campaigns, battles, and conditions during the Civil War; manufacturing in Georgia; militia in Chatham Co., Ga., during the Revolution; slavery; and abolitionists.
Jones was a lawyer, collector, Confederate soldier and historian from Savannah, GA. Collection includes correspondence, journals, commonplace books, lecture notes, scrapbooks, autograph albums and other papers. The material ranges in date from 1757-1926.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Joseph Jones papers, 1681-1895 1.33 Linear Feet (704 items)

Other subjects include reaction to the passage by Congress of Jay's treaty, documents relating to slave holdings, social conditions of women in the 19th century, and the service of Jones' grandson, Captain Thomas Jones, in the 40th Virginia Infantry Regiment during the Civil War.
Papers of militia officer and customs collector Joseph Jones of Petersburg, Va., and of his children and grandchildren, including business, personal, and military correspondence, deeds, Virginia militia records, general orders, Treasury Dept. circulars, lists of licensed vessels, letters regarding western lands, and papers relating to the port of Petersburg, Va.
Papers of militia officer and customs collector Joseph Jones of Petersburg, Va., and of his children and grandchildren, including business, personal, and military correspondence, deeds, Virginia militia records, general orders, Treasury Dept. circulars, lists of licensed vessels, letters regarding western lands, and papers relating to the port of Petersburg, Va.
Papers of militia officer and customs collector Joseph Jones of Petersburg, Va., and of his children and grandchildren, including business, personal, and military correspondence, deeds, Virginia militia records, general orders, Treasury Dept. circulars, lists of licensed vessels, letters regarding western lands, and papers relating to the port of Petersburg, Va. Correspondents include John Adams, William H. Crawford, Albert Gallatin, Richard Bland Lee, James Madison, Timothy Pickering, John Randolph, and John Tyler.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Benjamin Everett Jordan papers, 1896-1974 and undated 110 Linear Feet circa 104,000 items

Other categories which were not retained include the large files of service academy applications, local post office matters, routine thank you letters, get well cards, and congratulatory messages; the requests for souvenirs, tours, jobs, or general information handled by all Congressional offices; and most case files (requests by constituents for the Senator's aid usually in personal matters).
Miscellaneous Series (so labelled by Jordan's office) consist mainly of General files (correspondence from constituents covering multiple issues), Legislative files (correspondence about multiple bills), and a small number of Personal files (correspondence from personal friends and political allies, often on multiple topics).
Editorials, major news and feature stories, Jordan's regular column ("Senator Jordan Reports"), and cartoons--nearly all from North Carolina newspapers--were retained; thousands of duplicates, minor news stories, and general background articles on most topics were discarded.
Textile manufacturer, politician, and United States Senator from North Caroina (1958-1972). Collection includes Senate office files from Jordan's Washington office consisting mainly of correspondence, committee and legislative files, speeches, memoranda, clippings, photographic negatives, and background materials. Topics include public works projects in North Carolina, especially those related to water resources such as rivers, harbors, beaches, inland navigation, flood control, the B. Everett Jordan Lake, and the New Hope Dam. Other subjects represented in the files are U.S. foreign relations, in particular with the Middle East as well as the Vietnam War; agricultural laws; civil rights; school desegregation and busing; pollution; the National Park Service; transportation and highways; social security; public health; the United Nations; the Senate Rules Committee investigation of Bobby Baker, 1963-1966; labor laws; economic policy; library legislation; and economic conditions in North Carolina.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Kappa Alpha Order, Alpha Phi Chapter (Duke University) records, 1976-1985 1.5 Linear Feet 1500 Items

In the early 1860s, James Ward Wood of West Virginia had the first ideas for the fraternal organization that came to be known as Kappa Alpha Order. His family was sympathetic to the Confederate cause and in he joined a local cavalry regiment to fight with the Confederacy in the Civil War.
Major subjects include student life at Duke University, re-establishment of a fraternity, accounting, initiation, community service activities, social activities, general governance, leadership, and public relations.
Major subjects include student life at Duke University, re-establishment of a fraternity, accounting, initiation, community service activities, social activities, general governance, leadership, and public relations.
This collection contains materials of the Alpha Phi chapter of the Kappa Alpha Order fraternity at Duke University from 1976 to 1985. The Alpha Phi chapter was established at Duke University in 1901 and remained active until 1970. In 1978, it was reactivated. Types of materials include correspondence, chapter evaluations, pledge rosters, scrapbooks, and printed materials pertaining to the Alpha Phi chapter from 1976 to 1985. Major subjects include student life at Duke University, re-establishment of a fraternity, accounting, initiation, community service activities, social activities, general governance, leadership, and public relations.
  1. Duke University Archives

John McIntosh Kell papers, 1735-1944 and undated 9 Linear Feet

United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865
Volumes in the collection include general orders and general watch and quarter bills of the U.S. frigate SAVANNAH, 1843-1847; and logs kept by Kell as midshipman on the U.S.S.
The collection includes papers and volumes created by John McIntosh Kell (1823-1900) of the U.S. Navy and his family. Family correspondence includes letters from John McIntosh Kell's period of service in the U.S. Navy, family and buisness papers from the Kell, Nathan Campbell Munroe, and Tabitha Easter (Napier) Munroe families discussing Georgia policitcs and other local events. Volumes in the collection include logs of the U.S. frigate Savannah, the U.S.S. Falmouth, and Shark. There is also an unpublished manuscript by Kell's wife and scrapbooks she maintained. Includes family legal papers, genealogical materials, writings, and miscellaneous papers.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Leavenworth Family papers, 1733-1927 and undated 20 Linear Feet 2838 Items

United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives, Confederate
Sermons date from as early as 1826 and extend through the Civil War period.
Additional topics covered in both Abner and Frederick's correspondence include Civil War and Reconstruction in Petersburg, V.A.
Family originally from Connecticut; later settled in Petersburg, Virginia. Correspondence, journals, memorandum books, sermons, an autograph album (1822), and other papers of Abner Johnson Leavenworth and of his son, Frederick P. Leavenworth. Sermons comprise about half of the manuscript collection. Includes pre-Civil War letters from theological students in Connecticut, Massachusetts, and New York; a tuition ledger for the Van Buren, Arkansas Female Seminary (1860-1862); and genealogical information on the Leavenworth family. Correspondents include Calvin Colton, Harrison Gray, Otis Dwight, Jeremiah Evarts, Samuel Lee, Benjamin Palmer, and Noah Porter.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Thomas Lenoir papers, 1771-1912 5 Linear Feet 2,007 Items

United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives, Confederate
The collection includes 1,977 items and 30 volumes of business and family letters of Colonel Thomas Lenoir (1780-1861), of his father, General William Lenoir (1751-1839), and especially of Colonel Thomas Lenoir's eight children.
The most valuable letters are those concerning the livestock farming operations of Thomas Isaac Lenoir in Haywood County, North Carolina, before the Civil War.
Army officer, of Caldwell Co., N.C. Correspondence, diary, legal documents, account books, mercantile records, surveying records, and other papers (chiefly 1838-1880) of Lenoir, of his father, William Lenoir, and of his children. The early papers concern horse breeding, legal matters, deism in North Carolina (1790s), and the international situation (1790s). Thomas Lenoir's papers make up the majority of the collection and relate to the settlement of his father's estate, activities of his brother in Tennessee and his sons at the University of North Carolina, and antebellum agriculture in North Carolina. Postwar letters pertain mainly to politics, agriculture, cattle diseases, family matters, student life at the University of North Carolina and at Davis Military School, Winston (now Winston-Salem), N.C., North Carolina militia, and Civil War reminiscences. Correspondents include W. J. Bingham, Calvin J. Cowles, Charles F. Deems, S. F. Patterson, Lewis Williams.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Mann and Hawthorne family correspondence, 1853-1865 and undated, bulk 1864-1865 0.2 Linear Feet 17 Items

United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Public opinion
This collection is unprocessed: materials may not have been ordered and described beyond their original condition.
Topics include family activities and travels, especially comments on Mann's descriptions of San Francisco and the Sandwich Islands [now the Hawaiian Islands]; Nathaniel Hawthorne's death and burial; Abraham Lincoln's death and burial; and opinions about Civil War events, battles, and personalities. Includes a letter from Elizabeth Peabody (undated) describing her two visits to President Lincoln and mentioning General Hitchcock's opinions about Lincoln and the Civil War.

Primarily letters to Mann from his family and the family of Nathaniel Hawthorne. Correspondents include Sophia Hawthorne, Rose Hawthorne, Una Hawthorne, brother George Mann, mother Mary Tyler Peabody Mann, and Elizabeth Peabody. Topics include family activities and travels, especially comments on Mann's descriptions of San Francisco and the Sandwich Islands [now the Hawaiian Islands]; Nathaniel Hawthorne's death and burial; Abraham Lincoln's death and burial; and opinions about Civil War events, battles, and personalities. Includes a letter from Elizabeth Peabody (undated) describing her two visits to President Lincoln and mentioning General Hitchcock's opinions about Lincoln and the Civil War. In addition, there is a carte-de-visite of Nathaniel Hawthorne. Acquired as part of the Alfred and Elizabeth Brand Collection of Rare Books and Manuscripts.

  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Duncan McLaurin papers, 1779-1932 and undated, bulk 1822-1872 2.4 Linear Feet Approx. 1,800 Items

Southern States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865
McLaurin's papers (mainly 1822-1850) relate to economic conditions in North Carolina, South Carolina, and the U.S. in general; the development of infrastructure and education in North and South Carolina; the Civil War; politics in North Carolina, South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, and Georgia; and national politics, including presidential elections from 1832 to 1848.
McLaurin's papers (mainly 1822-1850) relate to economic conditions in North Carolina, South Carolina, and the U.S. in general; the development of infrastructure and education in North and South Carolina; the Civil War; politics in North Carolina, South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, and Georgia; and national politics, including presidential elections from 1832 to 1848.
Duncan McLaurin was a farmer, teacher, lawyer, and state legislator of Richmond County, North Carolina. Correspondence, bills, receipts, legal and other papers, and printed matter (1822-1872), of McLaurin and members of his family. McLaurin's papers (mainly 1822-1850) relate to economic conditions in North Carolina, South Carolina, and the U.S. in general; the development of infrastructure and education in North and South Carolina; the Civil War; politics in North Carolina, South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, and Georgia; and national politics, including presidential elections from 1832 to 1848. Civil War topics include camp life, economic conditions, food supplies, the hope for foreign intervention, morale, conscription and desertion, the blockade of Southern ports, the battles of Murfreesboro (Tennessee), Jackson (Mississippi), Port Royal Harbor (South Carolina), Hanover Court House (Virginia), and the siege of Vicksburg (Mississippi). A large amount of correspondence from relatives in Mississippi (circa 1830-1867) concerns frontier conditions, slavery, politics, agricultural and labor problems, sectionalism and nationalism in Mississippi, Reconstruction conditions, and family affairs. There are many references to slavery, particularly in Mississippi: the sale of slaves, runaway slaves, a lynching of an African American in 1839, the fear of slave insurrections in 1856 and 1860; and the abolition movement. Includes an atlas with a list of slaves circa 1864 written on the flyleaf.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Modern Language Association of America American Literature Section papers, 1922-1999 7 Linear Feet

In 1968 younger members staged a protest at the annual meeting, agitating for a direct denouncement of the Vietnam War and more explicit politics in general (particularly regarding the college students whom the professors were serving).
Shumway, Creating American Civilization: A Genealogy of American Literature as an Academic Discipline (Minneapolis: U.
By that time, newly-generated files had been coming directly to the Hubbell Center for two years.

The Modern Language Association, American Literature Section (ALS) Papers date from 1921 to 1993(bulk 1928-1993).Most of the Section's records consist of correspondence saved by Secretaries or Chairs and mechanically-reproduced reports, minutes, and ballots. These last materials are contained in folders designated "Reports" and dated by year. Additionally, there are folders of material used to compile reports (such as institutional polls and other "raw" information) generated by committees, concerning the American Literature journal and Section organization, and copies of papers to be delivered at Section meetings. Correspondents include Joseph Blotner, Edward Bradley, Edwin Cady, Paul Carter, Alexander Cowie, Richard Beale Davis, Robert Falk, Benjamin Franklin Fisher, William M. Gibson, Allan Halline, Harrison Hayford, Elaine Hedges, J. Herber, High Holman, Jay B. Hubbell, Alexander Kern, Robert Edson Lee, J.A. Leo Lemay, Michael Millgate, William Mulder, Russel B. Nye, R.H. Pearce, Henry Pochmann, Walter B. Rideout, Louis D. Rubin, Robert Spiller, Willard Thorp, Arlin Turner, and James Woodress. Papers of the following individuals (past officers of the ALS), which pertain to the American Literature Group, are included in this collection: Joseph Blotner, John Gerber, Robert Edson Lee, Ernest Marchand, William Mulder, Charles Nilon, Henry Pochmann, Lewis P. Simpson, Robert Spiller, Willard Thorp, Arlin Turner, and Donald Yannella. Also, there are folders pertaining to these publications: Reinterpretation of American Literature,Eight American Authors, and American Literary Scholarship.

  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Munford-Ellis Family papers, 1777-1942 30 Linear Feet 12522 Items

Correspondence pertains to the difficulties of farming, the Civil War, including the shortage of rations, typhoid and diphtheria on the plantation, charges brought against Munford by General Thomas Lafayette Rosser, and the fate of the Confederacy, with copies of letters and orders regarding the mobilization of the Confederate Army and cavalry, reorganization of the cavalry, Munford's promotion to brigadier general, and his command and surrender; postwar financial difficulties; his cattle selling venture; and the Lynchburg Iron, Steel, and Mining Company.
McClellan's The Life and Campaigns of Major General J. E. B. Stuart (Boston: 1885); court of inquiry review, 1879-1880, of the role of General Gouverneur Kemble Warren at the battle of Five Forks; accounts of various battles and campaigns of the Civil War, especially the battle of Five Forks, but also the battles of 1st Manassas, Gettysburg, Aldie (Virginia), Chancellorsville, Todd's Tavern (Virginia), and Appomattox; and the dispute between Munford and Rosser over the battle of Five Forks.
Personal and family letters of the daughters of George Wythe Munford contain information of the details of household economy and general conditions during the Civil War and Reconstruction.
The Munford and Ellis families were connected through the marriage of George Wythe Munford and Elizabeth Throwgood Ellis in 1838. The earliest papers from the Munford family center around William Munford (1775-1825) of the first generation, George Wythe Munford (1803-1882) of the second generation, and the children of George Wythe Munford, notably Thomas Taylor Munford (1831-1918), Sallie Radford (Munford) Talbott (1841-1930), Lucy Munford and Fannie Ellis Munford. Papers of the Ellis family begin with those of Charles Ellis, Sr. (1772-1840), Richmond merchant; his wife, Margaret (Nimmo) Ellis (1790-1877); and his brother, Powhatan Ellis (1790-1863), jurist, U.S. senator, and diplomat. Later materials include letters from Thomas Harding Ellis (1814-1898), son of Charles and Margaret Ellis, as well as some materials from their other children and grandchildren. Collection contains family, personal, and business papers of three generations of the Munford and the Ellis families of Virginia. The papers contain information on politics, literary efforts, social life and customs, economic conditions, and military questions principally in nineteenth century Virginia. Includes materials on the Civil War and Reconstruction.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

John Quincy Adams Nadenbousch papers, 1821-1932 8 Linear Feet 3284 Items

United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental histories
Nadenbousch before the Civil War; the constitution of the Berkeley Border Guards formed in Berkeley County, Virginia, in 1859, and items relating to the subsequent service of that unit in the Civil War as a company of the 2nd Virginia Regiment, including letters of General Thomas Jonathan Jackson to his officers, commissary accounts, muster rolls, provost marshal records, and a manuscript draft of a report by John Q.
Nadenbousch as agent of the Hannis Distilling Company of Baltimore, Maryland, engaged in the operation of a distillery at Martinsburg, West Virginia; letters relating to the management of the Grand Central Hotel in Martinsburg, 1878; and letters concerning John Q. A. Nadenbousch's general financial condition after the Civil War. Papers of Alexander Parks, Jr., concern his position as local agent for Hannis Distilling Company in Martinsburg after 1874; his participation in civic affairs in Martinsburg; and his work in the Democratic Party, including his election to the state senate of West Virginia in 1890.
Confederate officer and businessman, of Martinsburg, W. Va. Correspondence, accounts, receipts, statements, muster rolls, orders, genealogical notes, and other personal, business, and military papers, of Nadenbousch and of his family. The bulk of the collection consists of business papers, mostly relating to Nadenbousch's flour mill and distillery. Includes material concerning the Berkeley Border Guards (later Co. D., 2d Regt., Virginia Infantry) and the Stonewall Brigade; public affairs in Martinsburg, W. Va.; the Berkeley Co. Agricultural and Mechanical Association; and activities of the West Virginia legislature.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Bobbye S. Ortiz papers, 1919-1993 and undated, bulk 1950-1990 30.4 Linear Feet 12,430 Items


Civil rights movements -- Mississippi
The Subject Files Series has been separated into two main subseries: one devoted to international women's liberation and one for general topics. In the International Women's Liberation Subseries, Ortiz maintained extensive files on the status of women and women's liberation campaigns around the world.

The General Files Subseries consists mainly of articles, notes, and periodicals from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s.
Bobbye Ortiz was a social activist and Marxist feminist. The collection consists chiefly of personal correspondence; extensive subject files on international political and cultural movements; photographs and slides; ephemeral publication material such as grassroots newsletters, pamphlets, broadsides, and clippings; cultural artifacts, including buttons and T-shirts; and over 300 sound recordings of spoken voice and music (see separate catalog record for sound recordings). The collection documents the personal life and career of an international feminist, Marxist activist, and mother, who also served as editor of the magazine Monthly Review and was the founder of the organization WIRE (Women's International Resource Exchange). English.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

Alvin T. Parnell photographs of Durham, North Carolina, circa 1898-1986, bulk 1910-1960 1.5 Linear Feet (2 boxes; 183 items)

Original negatives are closed to general use; access only by permission of the Archive of Documentary Arts Curator.
When he returned from World War I service, he took over the Holladay studio from a Mr.
Given Durham's role as a birthplace for the post-Civil War tobacco manufacturing industry, it is not surprising that there are numerous photographs of buildings and industrial sites belonging to American Tobacco, Blackwell Tobacco, and Liggett Myers.
Alvin T. Parnell was a commercial photographer based in Durham, N.C. Collection chiefly consists of 167 black-and-white photographs of the city and people of Durham, North Carolina. The majority, chiefly taken by Parnell from 1920 through the 1950s, are views of downtown streets, commercial and industrial buildings, churches, and infrastructure, especially transportation. Many sites are related to the tobacco manufacturing businesses based in Durham. A few are of African American tobacco workers posed in the field and female factory workers ending their shift. Other images range widely and include a Trinity College (later Duke University) reunion, war veterans at gatherings, a minstrel band, a cart advertising Bull Durham tobacco, and tobacco fields with posed workers, white and African American. In addition, there are portraits of prominent Durham individuals and families. Formats include 85 vintage and modern gelatin silver prints, chiefly 8x10 inches, 82 contact prints, and 12 safety negatives. Includes an information folder with 1986 obituary and collection information.
  1. David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

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